13:24 “When a body has a burn on its skin 18 and the raw area of the burn becomes a reddish white or white bright spot,
14:43 “If the infection returns and breaks out in the house after he has pulled out the stones, scraped the house, and it is replastered, 23 14:44 the priest is to come and examine it, and if 24 the infection has spread in the house, it is a malignant disease in the house. It is unclean.
16:20 “When he has finished purifying the holy place, 31 the Meeting Tent, and the altar, he is to present the live goat.
20:9 “‘If anyone 38 curses his father and mother 39 he must be put to death. He has cursed his father and mother; his blood guilt is on himself. 40
1 tn Heb “and swears on falsehood”; cf. CEV “deny something while under oath.”
2 tn Heb “on one from all which the man shall do to sin in them.”
3 sn Regarding “make atonement” see the note on Lev 1:4.
4 tn Heb “there shall be forgiveness to him” or “it shall be forgiven to him” (KJV similar).
5 tn Heb “on one from all which he does to become guilty in it”; NAB “whatever guilt he may have incurred.”
6 tn Heb “which the
7 tn Heb “and the glory of the
8 tn Heb “every divider of hoof and cleaver of the cleft of hooves”; KJV, ASV “parteth the hoof, and is clovenfooted.”
9 tn Heb “bringer up of the cud” (a few of the ancient versions include the conjunction “and,” but it does not appear in the MT). The following verses make it clear that both dividing the hoof and chewing the cud were required; one of these conditions would not be enough to make the animal suitable for eating without the other.
10 tn The “it” is not expressed but is to be understood. It refers to the “infection” (cf. the note on v. 2 above).
11 tn Heb “and behold” (so KJV, ASV).
12 tn This is the declarative Piel of the verb טָמֵא (tame’, cf. the note on v. 3 above).
13 tn Heb “and the priest shall see it.”
14 tn Heb “and behold” (so KJV, ASV, NASB).
15 tn Heb “the priest shall pronounce the infection clean,” but see v. 4 above. Also, this is another use of the declarative Piel of the verb טָהֵר (taher, cf. the note on v. 6 above).
16 tn Heb “and if under it the bright spot stands, it has not spread.”
17 tn This is the declarative Piel of the verb טָהֵר (taher, cf. the note on v. 6 above).
18 tn Heb “Or a body, if there is in its skin a burn of fire.”
19 tn Heb “All the days which the infection is in him.”
20 tn Heb “and he shall be brought to the priest and the priest shall go out to from outside to the camp and the priest shall see [it].” The understood “it” refers to the skin infection itself (see the note on 13:3 above). The referent has been specified in the translation for clarity.
21 tn Heb “And behold, the diseased infection has been healed from the diseased person.” The expression “diseased infection” has been translated as simply “infection” to avoid redundancy here in terms of English style.
22 tn Heb “and behold” (so KJV, ASV); NASB “If the mark has indeed spread.”
23 tn Heb “after he has pulled out the stones, and after scraping (variant form of the Hiphil infinitive construct, GKC 531) the house, and after being replastered (Niphal infinitive construct).”
24 tn Heb “and behold” (so KJV, ASV); NASB “If he sees that the mark has indeed spread.”
25 tn Heb “And a woman who a man lies with her a lying of seed.”
26 tn Heb “and who a lying of seed goes out from him.”
27 tn Heb “to become unclean in it.”
28 tn Heb “and the one with a discharge, his discharge to the male and the female.”
29 tn Heb “and for a man.”
30 tn Heb “which the lot has gone up on it for the
31 tn Heb “And he shall finish from atoning the holy place.” In this case, the “holy place” etc. are direct objects of the verb “to atone” (cf. v. 33a below). In this case, therefore, the basic meaning of the verb (i.e., “to purge” or “wipe clean”) comes to the forefront. When the prepositions עַל (’al) or בֲּעַד (ba’ad) occur with the verb כִּפֶּר (kipper) the purging is almost always being done “for” or “on behalf of” priests or people (see the note on Lev 1:4 as well as R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 2:698, the literature cited there, and B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 110, for more details).
32 tn Heb “And with a male you shall not lay [as the] lyings of a woman” (see B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 123). The specific reference here is to homosexual intercourse between males.
33 tn The Hebrew term תּוֹעֵבָה (to’evah, rendered “detestable act”) refers to the repugnant practices of foreigners, whether from the viewpoint of other peoples toward the Hebrews (e.g., Gen 43:32; 46:34; Exod 8:26) or of the
34 tn Heb “for all these abominations the men of the land who were before you have done.”
35 tn Heb “And the land will not vomit you out in your defiling it.”
36 tc The MT reads the singular “nation” and is followed by ASV, NASB, NRSV; the LXX, Syriac, and Targum have the plural “nations” (cf. v. 24).
37 sn Compare the regulations in Lev 18:6-23.
38 tn Heb “If a man a man who.”
39 tn Heb “makes light of his father and his mother.” Almost all English versions render this as some variation of “curses his father or mother.”
40 tn Heb “his blood [plural] is in him.” Cf. NAB “he has forfeited his life”; TEV “is responsible for his own death.”
sn The rendering “blood guilt” refers to the fact that the shedding of blood brings guilt on those who shed it illegitimately (even the blood of animals shed illegitimately, Lev 17:4; cf. the background of Gen 4:10-11). If the community performs a legitimate execution, however, the blood guilt rests on the person who has been legitimately executed (see the remarks and literature cited in J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 328).
41 tn See the note on Lev 18:20 above.
42 tn Heb “to their generations.”
43 tn Heb “who in him is a flaw”; cf. KJV, ASV “any blemish”; NASB, NIV “a defect.” The rendering “physical flaw” is used to refer to any birth defect or physical injury of the kind described in the following verses (cf. the same Hebrew word also in Lev 24:19-20). The same term is used for “flawed” animals, which must not be offered to the
44 sn The phrase “any of these” refers back to the unclean things touched in vv. 4b-5.
45 tn Heb “a carcass,” referring to the carcass of an animal that has died on its own, not the carcass of an animal slaughtered for sacrifice or killed by wild beasts. This has been clarified in the translation by supplying the phrase “of natural causes”; cf. NAB “that has died of itself”; TEV “that has died a natural death.”
46 tn Heb “gives a flaw in”; KJV, ASV “cause a blemish in.”
47 tn Or “neighbor” (so NAB, NASB, NIV); TEV, NLT “another person.”