Leviticus 11:7

11:7 The pig is unclean to you because its hoof is divided (the hoof is completely split in two¹), even though it does not chew the cud.²

Leviticus 11:13

Clean and Unclean Birds

11:13 “‘These you are to detest from among the birds – they must not be eaten, because they are detestable:³ the griffon vulture, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,

Leviticus 11:45

11:45 for I am the Lord who brought you up from the land of Egypt to be your God,⁴ and you are to be holy because I am holy.

Leviticus 13:44

13:44 he is a diseased man. He is unclean. The priest must surely pronounce him unclean because of his infection on his head.⁵

Leviticus 18:28

18:28 So do not make the land vomit you out because you defile it⁶ just as it has vomited out the nations⁷ that were before you.

Leviticus 19:2

19:2 “Speak to the whole congregation of the Israelites and tell them, ‘You must be holy because I, the Lord your God, am holy.

Leviticus 20:26

20:26 You must be holy to me because I, the Lord, am holy, and I have set you apart from the other peoples to be mine.

Leviticus 22:7

22:7 When the sun goes down he will be clean, and afterward he may eat from the holy offerings, because they are his food.

Leviticus 23:28

23:28 You must not do any work on this particular day,⁸ because it is a day of atonement to make atonement for yourselves⁹ before the Lord your God.

Leviticus 25:17

25:17 No one is to oppress his fellow citizen,¹⁰ but you must fear your God, because I am the Lord your God.

Leviticus 25:23

25:23 The land must not be sold without reclaim¹¹ because the land belongs to me, for you are foreigners and residents with me.¹²

Leviticus 25:55

25:55 because the Israelites are my own servants;¹³ they are my servants whom I brought out from the land of Egypt. I am the Lord your God.

¹tn See the note on Lev 11:3.

²tn The meaning and basic rendering of this clause is quite certain, but the verb for “chewing” the cud here is not the same as the preceding verses, where the expression is “to bring up the cud” (see the note on v. 3 above). It appears to be a cognate verb for the noun “cud” (גֵּרָה, gerah) and could mean either “to drag up” (i.e., from the Hebrew Qal of גָרָר [garar] meaning “to drag,” referring to the dragging the cud up and down between the stomach and mouth of the ruminant animal; so J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:647, 653) or “to chew” (i.e., from the Hebrew Niphal [or Qal B] of גָרָר used in a reciprocal sense; so J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 149, and compare BDB 176 s.v. גָרַר, “to chew,” with HALOT 204 s.v. גרר qal.B, “to ruminate”).

³tn For zoological remarks on the following list of birds see J. Milgrom, Leviticus (AB), 1:662-64; and J. E. Hartley, Leviticus (WBC), 159-60.

⁴tn Heb “to be to you for a God.”

⁵tn Or perhaps translate, “His infection [is] on his head,” as a separate independent sentence (cf. KJV, ASV, NASB, NRSV). There is no causal expression in the Hebrew text connecting these two clauses, but the logical relationship between them seems to be causal.

⁶tn Heb “And the land will not vomit you out in your defiling it.”

⁷tc The MT reads the singular “nation” and is followed by ASV, NASB, NRSV; the LXX, Syriac, and Targum have the plural “nations” (cf. v. 24).

⁸tn Heb “in the bone of this day.”

⁹tn Heb “on you [plural]”; cf. NASB, NRSV “on your behalf.”

¹⁰tn Heb “And you shall not oppress a man his fellow citizen.”

¹¹tn The term rendered “without reclaim” means that the land has been bought for the full price and is, therefore, not subject to reclaim under any circumstances. This was not to be done with land in ancient Israel (contrast the final full sale of houses in v. 30; see the evidence cited in B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 174).

¹²tn That is, the Israelites were strangers and residents who were attached to the Lord’s household. They did not own the land. Note the parallel to the “priest’s lodger” in Lev 22:10.

¹³tn Heb “because to me the sons of Israel are servants.”