Leviticus 1:13

1:13 Then the one presenting the offering must wash the entrails and the legs in water, and the priest must present all of it and offer it up in smoke on the altar – it is a burnt offering, a gift of a soothing aroma to the Lord.

Leviticus 1:17

1:17 and tear it open by its wings without dividing it into two parts. ¹  Finally, the priest must offer it up in smoke on the altar on the wood which is in the fire – it is a burnt offering, a gift of a soothing aroma to the Lord.

Leviticus 3:9

3:9 Then he must present a gift to the Lord from the peace offering sacrifice: He must remove all the fatty tail up to the end of the spine, the fat covering the entrails, and all the fat on the entrails, ² 

Leviticus 6:2

6:2 “When a person sins and commits a trespass ³  against the Lord by deceiving his fellow citizen ⁴  in regard to something held in trust, or a pledge, or something stolen, or by extorting something from his fellow citizen, ⁵ 

Leviticus 6:15

6:15 and the priest ⁶  must take up with his hand some of the choice wheat flour of the grain offering ⁷  and some of its olive oil, and all of the frankincense that is on the grain offering, and he must offer its memorial portion ⁸  up in smoke on the altar ⁹  as a soothing aroma to the Lord. ¹⁰ 

Leviticus 6:20

6:20 “This is the offering of Aaron and his sons which they must present to the Lord on the day when he is anointed: a tenth of an ephah ¹¹  of choice wheat flour ¹²  as a continual grain offering, half of it in the morning and half of it in the evening.

Leviticus 10:1

Nadab and Abihu

10:1 Then ¹³  Aaron’s sons, Nadab and Abihu, each took his fire pan and put fire in it, set incense on it, and presented strange fire ¹⁴  before the Lord, which he had not commanded them to do.

Leviticus 10:3

10:3 Moses then said to Aaron, “This is what the Lord spoke: ‘Among the ones close to me I will show myself holy, ¹⁵  and in the presence of all the people I will be honored.’” ¹⁶  So Aaron kept silent.

Leviticus 10:17

10:17 “Why did you not eat the sin offering in the sanctuary? For it is most holy and he gave it to you to bear the iniquity of the congregation, ¹⁷  to make atonement on their behalf before the Lord.

Leviticus 16:12

16:12 and take a censer full of coals of fire from the altar before the Lord ¹⁸  and a full double handful of finely ground fragrant incense, ¹⁹  and bring them inside the veil-canopy. ²⁰ 

Leviticus 16:18

16:18 “Then ²¹  he is to go out to the altar which is before the Lord and make atonement for it. He is to take ²²  some of the blood of the bull and some of the blood of the goat, and put it all around on the horns of the altar.

Leviticus 21:23

21:23 but he must not go into the veil-canopy ²³  or step forward to the altar because he has a physical flaw. Thus ²⁴  he must not profane my holy places, for I am the Lord who sanctifies them.’”

Leviticus 22:2

22:2 “Tell Aaron and his sons that they must deal respectfully with the holy offerings ²⁵  of the Israelites, which they consecrate to me, so that they do not profane my holy name. ²⁶  I am the Lord.

Leviticus 22:18

22:18 “Speak to Aaron, his sons, and all the Israelites and tell them, ‘When any man ²⁷  from the house of Israel or from the foreigners in Israel ²⁸  presents his offering for any of the votive or freewill offerings which they present to the Lord as a burnt offering,

Leviticus 23:13

23:13 along with its grain offering, two tenths of an ephah of ²⁹  choice wheat flour ³⁰  mixed with olive oil, as a gift to the Lord, a soothing aroma, ³¹  and its drink offering, one fourth of a hin of wine. ³² 

Leviticus 26:44

26:44 In spite of this, however, when they are in the land of their enemies I will not reject them and abhor them to make a complete end of them, to break my covenant with them, for I am the Lord their God.

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¹ tn Heb “he shall not divide it.” Several Hebrew mss, Smr, LXX, and Syriac have a vav on the negative, yielding the translation, “but he shall not divide it into two parts.” Cf. NIV “not severing it completely” (NRSV similar).

² sn See the note on this phrase in 3:3.

³ tn Heb “trespasses a trespass” (verb and direct object from the same Hebrew root מַעַל, ma’al). See the note on 5:15.

⁴ tn Or “neighbor” (ASV, NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT); NASB “companion”; TEV “a fellow-Israelite.”

⁵ tn Heb “has extorted his neighbor”; ASV “oppressed”; NRSV “defrauded.”

⁶ tn Heb “and he”; the referent has been specified in the translation for clarity. The “he” refers to the officiating priest. A similar shift between singular and plural occurs in Lev 1:7-9, but see the note on Lev 1:7 and J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 89 for the possibility of textual corruption.

⁷ tn Heb “shall take up from it with his hand some of the choice wheat flour of the grain offering.”

⁸ sn See the note on Lev 2:2.

⁹ tc Smr reading, which includes the locative ה (hey, translated “on” the altar), is preferred here. This is the normal construction with the verb “offer up in smoke” in Lev 1-7 (see the note on Lev 1:9).

¹⁰ tn Heb “and he shall offer up in smoke [on] the altar a soothing aroma, its memorial portion, to the Lord.”

¹¹ sn A tenth of an ephah is about 2.3 liters, one day’s ration for a single person (J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:306).

¹² tn For the rendering “choice wheat flour” see the note on Lev 2:1.

¹³ tn Although it has been used elsewhere in this translation as an English variation from the ubiquitous use of vav in Hebrew, in this instance “then” as a rendering for vav is intended to show that the Nadab and Abihu catastrophe took place on the inauguration day described in Lev 9. The tragic incident in Lev 10 happened in close temporal connection to the Lord’s fire that consumed the offerings at the end of Lev 9. Thus, for example, the “sin offering” male goat referred to in Lev 10:16-19 is the very one referred to in Lev 9:15.

¹⁴ tn The expression “strange fire” (אֵשׁ זָרָה, ’esh zarah) seems imprecise (cf. NAB “profane fire”; NIV “unauthorized fire”; NRSV “unholy fire”; NLT “a different kind of fire”) and has been interpreted numerous ways (see the helpful summary in J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 132-33). The infraction may have involved any of the following or a combination thereof: (1) using coals from someplace other than the burnt offering altar (i.e., “unauthorized coals” according to J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:598; cf. Lev 16:12 and cf. “unauthorized person” אִישׁ זָר (’ish zar) in Num 16:40 [17:5 HT], NASB “layman”), (2) using the wrong kind of incense (cf. the Exod 30:9 regulation against “strange incense” קְטֹרֶת זָרָה (qÿtoreh zarah) on the incense altar and the possible connection to Exod 30:34-38), (3) performing an incense offering at an unprescribed time (B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 59), or (4) entering the Holy of Holies at an inappropriate time (Lev 16:1-2).

¹⁵ tn The Niphal verb of the Hebrew root קָדַשׁ (qadash) can mean either “to be treated as holy” (so here, e.g., BDB 873 s.v. קָּדַשׁ, LXX, NASB, and NEB) or “to show oneself holy” (so here, e.g., HALOT 1073 s.v. קדשׁnif.1, NIV, NRSV, NLT; J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:595, 601-3; and J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 133-34). The latter rendering seems more likely here since, in the immediate context, the Lord himself had indeed shown himself to be holy by the way he responded to the illegitimate incense offering of Nadab and Abihu. They had not treated the Lord as holy, so the Lord acted on his own behalf to show that he was indeed holy.

¹⁶ tn In this context the Niphal of the Hebrew root כָּבֵד (kaved) can mean “to be honored” (e.g., NASB and NIV here), “be glorified” (ASV, NRSV and NLT here), or “glorify oneself, show one’s glory” (cf. NAB; e.g., specifically in this verse HALOT 455 s.v. כבדnif.3; J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:595, 603-4; and J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 126, 134). Comparing this clause with the previous one (see the note above), the point may be that when the Lord shows himself to be holy as he has done in 10:1-2, this results in him being honored (i.e., reverenced, feared, treated with respect) among the people. This suggests the passive rendering. It is possible, however, that one should use the reflexive rendering here as in the previous clause. If so, the passage means that the Lord showed both his holiness and his glory in one outbreak against Nadab and Abihu.

¹⁷ sn This translation is quite literal. On the surface it appears to mean that the priests would “bear the iniquity” of the congregation by the act of eating the sin offering (so J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:622-25, 635-40). Such a notion is, however, found nowhere else in the Levitical regulations and seems unlikely (so J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 136). A more likely interpretation is reflected in this interpretive rendering: “he gave it to you [as payment] for [your work of] bearing the iniquity of the congregation.” The previous section of the chapter deals with the prebends that the priests received for performing the ministry of the tabernacle (Lev 10:12-15). Lev 10:16-18, therefore, seems to continue the very same topic in the light of the most immediate situation (see R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 2:702-4).

¹⁸ tn Heb “and he shall take the fullness of the censer, coals of fire, from on the altar from to the faces of the Lord.”

¹⁹ tn Heb “and the fullness of the hollow of his two hands, finely ground fragrant incense.”

²⁰ tn Heb “and he shall bring from house to the veil-canopy.”

²¹ tn Heb “And.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) indicates the sequence of events here.

²² tn Heb “And he shall take.”

²³ sn See the note on Lev 16:2 for the rendering “veil-canopy.”

²⁴ tn Heb “And.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) can be considered to have resultative force here.

²⁵ tn Heb “holy things,” which means the “holy offerings” in this context, as the following verses show. The referent has been specified in the translation for clarity.

²⁶ tn Heb “from the holy things of the sons of Israel, and they shall not profane my holy name, which they are consecrating to me.” The latter (relative) clause applies to the “the holy things of the sons of Israel” (the first clause), not the Lord’s name (i.e., the immediately preceding clause). The clause order in the translation has been rearranged to indicate this.

²⁷ tn Heb “Man, man.” The reduplication is a way of saying “any man” (cf. Lev 15:2; 17:3, etc.; see the distributive repetition of the noun in GKC 395-96 §123.c).

²⁸ tn Heb “and from the foreigner [singular] in Israel.” Some medieval Hebrew mss, Smr, LXX, Syriac, and Vulgate add “who resides” after “foreigner”: “the foreigner who resides in Israel” (cf., e.g., Lev 20:2 above).

²⁹ sn See the note on Lev 5:11.

³⁰ sn See the note on Lev 2:1.

³¹ sn See the note on Lev 1:9.

³² tn Heb “wine, one fourth of the hin.” A pre-exilic hin is about 3.6 liters (= ca. 1 quart), so one fourth of a hin would be about one cup.