Ezekiel 1:4

1:4 As I watched, I noticed a windstorm coming from the north – an enormous cloud, with lightning flashing, such that bright light rimmed it and came from it like glowing amber from the middle of a fire.

Ezekiel 8:2

8:2 As I watched, I noticed a form that appeared to be a man. From his waist downward was something like fire, and from his waist upward something like a brightness, 10  like an amber glow. 11 

Ezekiel 8:5

8:5 He said to me, “Son of man, look up toward 12  the north.” So I looked up toward the north, and I noticed to the north of the altar gate was this statue of jealousy at the entrance.

Ezekiel 8:10

8:10 So I went in and looked. I noticed every figure 13  of creeping thing and beast – detestable images 14  – and every idol of the house of Israel, engraved on the wall all around. 15 

Ezekiel 44:4

44:4 Then he brought me by way of the north gate to the front of the temple. As I watched, I noticed 16  the glory of the Lord filling the Lord’s temple, and I threw myself face down.

Ezekiel 46:21

46:21 Then he brought me out to the outer court and led me past the four corners of the court, and I noticed 17  that in every corner of the court there was a court.

Ezekiel 47:2

47:2 He led me out by way of the north gate and brought me around the outside of the outer gate that faces toward the east; I noticed 18  that the water was trickling out from the south side.


tn The word הִנֵּה (hinneh, traditionally “behold”) indicates becoming aware of something and has been translated here as a verb.

sn Storms are often associated with appearances of God (see Nah 1:3; Ps 18:12). In some passages, the “storm” (סְעָרָה, sÿarah) may be a whirlwind (Job 38:1, 2 Kgs 2:1).

tn Heb “fire taking hold of itself,” perhaps repeatedly. The phrase occurs elsewhere only in Exod 9:24 in association with a hailstorm. The LXX interprets the phrase as fire flashing like lightning, but it is possibly a self-sustaining blaze of divine origin. The LXX also reverses the order of the descriptors, i.e., “light went around it and fire flashed like lightning within it.”

tn Or “radiance.” The term also occurs in 1:27b.

tc Or “was in it”; cf. LXX ἐν τῷ μέσῳ αὐτοῦ (en tw mesw autou, “in its midst”).

tn The LXX translates חַשְׁמַל (khashmal) with the word ἤλεκτρον (hlektron, “electrum”; so NAB), an alloy of silver and gold, perhaps envisioning a comparison to the glow of molten metal.

tn The word הִנֵּה (hinneh, traditionally “behold”) indicates becoming aware of something and has been translated here as a verb (so also throughout the chapter).

tc The MT reads “fire” rather than “man,” the reading of the LXX. The nouns are very similar in Hebrew.

tc The MT reads “what appeared to be his waist and downwards was fire.” The LXX omits “what appeared to be,” reading “from his waist to below was fire.” Suggesting that “like what appeared to be” belongs before “fire,” D. I. Block (Ezekiel [NICOT], 1:277) points out the resulting poetic symmetry of form with the next line as followed in the translation here.

10 tc The LXX omits “like a brightness.”

11 tn See Ezek 1:4.

12 tn Heb “lift your eyes (to) the way of.”

13 tn Or “pattern.”

14 tn Heb “detestable.” The word is often used to describe the figures of foreign gods.

15 sn These engravings were prohibited in the Mosaic law (Deut 4:16-18).

16 tn The word הִנֵּה (hinneh, traditionally “behold”) indicates becoming aware of something and has been translated here as a verb.

17 tn The word הִנֵּה (hinneh, traditionally “behold”) indicates becoming aware of something and has been translated here as a verb.

18 tn The word הִנֵּה (hinneh, traditionally “behold”) indicates becoming aware of something and has been translated here as a verb.