Amalek

In Bible versions:

Amalek: NET AVS NIV NRSV NASB TEV
Amelek: NET
Amalekite: NET AVS NIV NRSV NASB TEV
Amalekites: NET AVS NIV NRSV NASB TEV
Ephrath: NET AVS NIV NRSV NASB TEV
Ephrathah: NET AVS NIV NRSV NASB TEV
Ephrathite: NET AVS NIV NRSV NASB TEV
Ephrathites: NIV NASB

son of Timna and Eliphaz son of Esau
a nation of the descendents of Amalek
descendant(s) of Amalek; a member of the nation of Amalek
members of the nation of Amalek
wife of Caleb (Hezron); mother of Hur, grandfather of Bezalel
a town 8 km south. of Jerusalem later called Bethlehem
a town of the descendants of Caleb and his wife Ephrathah
wife of Hezron of Judah; mother of Hur
member(s) of the clan of Ephrathah

---

a people that licks up
abundance; bearing fruit ( --> same as Ephrath)
abundance; bearing fruit ( --> same as Ephratah)

Google Maps: Amalek (30° 39´, 34° 50´); Ephrath (31° 42´, 35° 12´); Ephrathah (31° 42´, 35° 12´)

Hebrew

Strongs #06002: qlme `Amaleq

Amalek = "dweller in a valley"

1) son of Eliphaz by his concubine Timnah, grandson of Esau, and
progenitor of a tribe of people in southern Canaan
2) descendants of Amalek

6002 `Amaleq am-aw-lake'

probably of foreign origin; Amalek, a descendant of Esau;
also his posterity and their country:-Amalek.

Strongs #0376: vya 'iysh

1) man
1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female)
1b) husband
1c) human being, person (in contrast to God)
1d) servant
1e) mankind
1f) champion
1g) great man
2) whosoever
3) each (adjective)

376 'iysh eesh

contracted for 582 (or perhaps rather from an unused root
meaning to be extant); a man as an individual or a male
person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and
in such cases frequently not expressed in
translation):-also, another, any (man), a certain, +
champion, consent, each, every (one), fellow, (foot-,
husband-)man, (good-, great, mighty) man, he, high (degree),
him (that is), husband, man(-kind), + none, one, people,
person, + steward, what (man) soever, whoso(-ever), worthy.
Compare 802.
see HEBREW for 0582
see HEBREW for 0802

Strongs #06003: yqlme `Amaleqiy

Amalekite = see Amalek "people of lapping"

1) descendants of Amalek, the grandson of Esau

6003 `Amaleqiy am-aw-lay-kee'

patronymically from 6002; an Amalekite (or collectively the
Amalekites) or descendants of Amalek: -Amalekite(-s).
see HEBREW for 06002

Strongs #0672: trpa 'Ephraath or htrpa 'Ephrathah

Ephrath or Ephratah = "ash-heap: place of fruitfulness"

n pr loc
1) a place near Bethel where Rachel died and was buried
2) another name for Bethlehem

n pr f
3) wife of Caleb

672 'Ephraath ef-rawth'

or mEphrathah {ef-raw'-thaw}; from 6509; fruitfulness;
Ephrath, another name for Bethlehem; once (Psa. 132:6) perhaps
for Ephraim; also of an Israelitish woman:-Ephrath,
Ephratah.
see HEBREW for 06509

Amalek [EBD]

dweller in a valley, the son of Eliphaz and grandson of Esau (Gen. 36:12; 1 Chr. 1:36); the chief of an Idumean tribe (Gen. 36:16). His mother was a Horite, a tribe whose territory the descendants of Esau had seized.

Amalekite [EBD]

a tribe that dwelt in Arabia Petraea, between the Dead Sea and the Red Sea. They were not the descendants of Amalek, the son of Eliphaz, for they existed in the days of Abraham (Gen. 14:7). They were probably a tribe that migrated from the shores of the Persian Gulf and settled in Arabia. "They dwelt in the land of the south...from Havilah until thou comest to Shur" (Num. 13:29; 1 Sam. 15:7). They were a pastoral, and hence a nomadic race. Their kings bore the hereditary name of Agag (Num. 24:7; 1 Sam. 15:8). They attempted to stop the Israelites when they marched through their territory (Deut. 25:18), attacking them at Rephidim (Ex. 17:8-13; comp. Deut. 25:17; 1 Sam. 15:2). They afterwards attacked the Israelites at Hormah (Num. 14:45). We read of them subsequently as in league with the Moabites (Judg. 3:13) and the Midianites (Judg. 6:3). Saul finally desolated their territory and destroyed their power (1 Sam. 14:48; 15:3), and David recovered booty from them (1 Sam. 30:18-20). In the Babylonian inscriptions they are called Sute, in those of Egypt Sittiu, and the Amarna tablets include them under the general name of Khabbati, or "plunderers."

Ephratah [EBD]

fruitful. (1.) The second wife of Caleb, the son of Hezron, mother of Hur, and grandmother of Caleb, who was one of those that were sent to spy the land (1 Chr. 2:19, 50).

(2.) The ancient name of Bethlehem in Judah (Gen. 35:16, 19; 48:7). In Ruth 1:2 it is called "Bethlehem-Judah," but the inhabitants are called "Ephrathites;" in Micah 5:2, "Bethlehem-Ephratah;" in Matt. 2:6, "Bethlehem in the land of Judah." In Ps. 132:6 it is mentioned as the place where David spent his youth, and where he heard much of the ark, although he never saw it till he found it long afterwards at Kirjath-jearim; i.e., the "city of the wood," or the "forest-town" (1 Sam. 7:1; comp. 2 Sam. 6:3, 4).

Ephrathite [EBD]

a citizen of Ephratah, the old name of Bethlehem (Ruth 1:2; 1 Sam. 17:12), or Bethlehem-Judah.

Amalek [NAVE]

AMALEK
Son of Eliphaz, Gen. 36:12; 1 Chr. 1:36.
Probably not the ancestor of the Amalekites mentioned in time of Abraham, Gen. 14:7.

Amalekites [NAVE]

AMALEKITES
A people inhabiting the country S. of Idumea and E. of the Red Sea, Num. 13:29; 14:25; 1 Sam. 15:7; 27:8.
Defeated by Chedorlaomer, Gen. 14:7; by Saul, 1 Sam. 14:47, 48; 15:1-33; by David, 1 Sam. 27:8, 9; 30:1-20; by the Simeonites, 1 Chr. 4:42, 43.
Defeat the Israelites, Num. 14:45; Judg. 3:13.
Israel commanded to destroy, Deut. 25:17-19; 1 Sam. 28:18.
Prophecies against, Ex. 17:14, 16; Num. 24:20.

Ephratah [NAVE]

EPHRATAH
1. Called also Ephrath. The ancient name of Beth-lehem-judah, Gen. 35:16, 19; 48:7; Ruth 4:11; Psa. 132:6; Mic. 5:2.
2. Second wife of Caleb, mother of Hur, 1 Chr. 2:19, 50; 4:4.

Ephrath [NAVE]

EPHRATH
See: Ephratah.

AMALEK [SMITH]

(dweller in a valley), a son of Eliphaz by his concubine Timnah grandson of Esau, and chieftain ("duke," Authorized Version) of Edom. (Genesis 36:12,16; 1 Chronicles 1:36) (B.C. about 1700.)

AMALEKITES [SMITH]

a nomadic tribe of uncertain origin, which occupied the peninsula of Sinai and the wilderness intervening between the southern hill-ranges of Palestine and the border of Egypt. (Numbers 13:29; 1 Samuel 15:7; 27:8) Their wealth consisted in flocks and herds. Mention is made of a "town" (1 Samuel 15:5) but their towns could have been little more than stations or nomadic enclosures. The Amalekites first came in contact with the Israelites at Rephidim, but were signally defeated. (Exodus 17:8-16) In union with the Canaanites they again attacked the Israelites on the borders of Palestine, and defeated them near Hormah. (Numbers 14:45) Saul undertook an expedition against them. (1 Samuel 14:48) Their power was thenceforth broken, and they degenerated into a horde of banditti. Their destruction was completed by David. (1 Samuel 30:1-17)

EPHRATAH, OR EPHRATH [SMITH]

(fruitful).

1. Second wife of Caleb the son of Hezron, mother of Hur and grandmother of Caleb the spy, according to (1 Chronicles 2:19,50) and probably 1Chr 2:24 and 1Chr 4:4 (B.C. 1695.)
2. The ancient name of Bethlehem-judah. (Genesis 35:16,19; 48:7)

EPHRATHITE [SMITH]

1. An inhabitant of Bethlehem. (Ruth 1:2)
2. An Ephraimite. (1 Samuel 1:1; 1 Kings 11:26)

AMALEK [ISBE]

AMALEK - am'-a-lek (`amaleq): The son, by his concubine Timna, of Eliphaz, the eldest son of Esau. He was one of the chiefs (the King James Version dukes) of Edom (Gen 36:12,16).

See AMALEKITE.

AMALEK; AMALEKITE [ISBE]

AMALEK; AMALEKITE - am'-a-lek, a-mal'-e-kit, am'-a-lek-it (`amaleq, `amaleqi): A tribe dwelling originally in the region south of Judah, the wilderness of et-Tih where the Israelites came into conflict with them. They were nomads as a people dwelling in that tract would naturally be. When they joined the Midianites to invade Israel they came "with their cattle and their tents" (Jdg 6:3-5). They are not to be identified with the descendants of Esau (Gen 36:12,16) because they are mentioned earlier, in the account of the invasion of Chedorlaomer (Gen 14:7) and in Balaam's prophecy (Nu 24:20) Amalek is called "the first of the nations," which seems to refer to an early existence. We are uncertain of their origin, for they do not appear in the list of nations found in Gen 10. They do not seem to have had any relationship with the tribes of Israel, save as, we may surmise, some of the descendants of Esau were incorporated into the tribe. It is probable that they were of Semitic stock though we have no proof of it.

The first contact with Israel was at Rephidim, in the wilderness of Sinai, where they made an unprovoked attack and were defeated after a desperate conflict (Ex 17:8-13; Dt 25:17,18). On account of this they were placed under the ban and Israel was commanded to exterminate them (Dt 25:19; 1 Sam 15:2,3). The next encounter of the two peoples was when the Israelites attempted to enter Canaan from the west of the Dead Sea. The spies had reported that the Amalekites were to be found in the south, in connection with the Hittites, Jebusites and Amorites (Nu 13:29). The Israelites at first refused to advance, but later determined to do so contrary to the will of God and the command of Moses. They were met by Amalek and the Canaanites and completely defeated (Nu 14:39-45). Amalek is next found among the allies of Moab in their attack upon Israel in the days of Eglon (Jdg 3:13). They were also associated with the Midianites in their raids upon Israel (Jdg 6:3), and they seemed to have gained a foothold in Ephraim, or at least a branch of them, in the hill country (Jdg 5:14; 12:15), but it is evident that the great body of them still remained in their old habitat, for when Saul made war upon them he drove them toward Shur in the wilderness toward Egypt (1 Sam 15:1-9). David also found them in the same region (1 Sam 27:8; 30:1). After this they seem to have declined, and we find, in the days of Hezekiah, only a remnant of them who were smitten by the Simeonites at Mount Seir (1 Ch 4:41-43). They are once mentioned in Psalms in connection with other inveterate enemies of Israel (Ps 83:7). The hatred Inspired by the Amalekites is reflected in the passages already mentioned which required their utter destruction. Their attack upon them when they were just escaped from Egypt and while they were struggling through the wilderness made a deep impression upon the Israelites which they never forgot, and the wrath of David upon the messenger who brought him news of the death of Saul and Jonathan, declaring himself to be the slayer of Saul, was no doubt accentuated by his being an Amalekite (2 Sam 1:1-16).

H. Porter

EPHRATH; EPHRATHAH [ISBE]

EPHRATH; EPHRATHAH - ef'-rath, e'-frath, ef'-ra-tha, ef-ra'-tha ('ephrath; Ephratha; Gen 35:16; 48:7); ('ephrathah, in the other references: Josh 15:59 (in added verse of Septuagint only); Ruth 4:11; 1 Ch 2:19,24,50; Ps 132:6; Mic 5:2, the King James Version "Ephratah"): The name either of Bethlehem itself or of a district in which Bethlehem was situated. A man of this place was called an Ephrathite (Ruth 1:2; 1 Sam 17:12). It is held by many authorities that the Ephrath where Rachel was buried (Gen 35:16; 48:7) was a different place, the words "the same is Bethlehem" being a gloss. The reading in Ps 132:6 is doubtful; the Revised Version, margin has "Ephraim."

E. W. G. Masterman

EPHRATHITE [ISBE]

EPHRATHITE - ef'-rath-it, e'-frath-it.

See EPHRATH.