Lamentations 3:5 
Context| NET © | He has besieged 1 and surrounded 2 me with bitter hardship. 3 |
| NIV © | He has besieged me and surrounded me with bitterness and hardship. |
| NASB © | He has besieged and encompassed me with bitterness and hardship. |
| NLT © | He has attacked me and surrounded me with anguish and distress. |
| MSG © | He hemmed me in, ganged up on me, poured on the trouble and hard times. |
| BBE © | He has put up a wall against me, shutting me in with bitter sorrow. |
| NRSV © | he has besieged and enveloped me with bitterness and tribulation; |
| NKJV © | He has besieged me And surrounded me with bitterness and woe. |
| KJV | |
| NASB © | |
| HEBREW | |
| LXXM | |
| NET © [draft] ITL | |
| NET © | He has besieged 1 and surrounded 2 me with bitter hardship. 3 |
| NET © Notes |
1 tn Heb “he has built against me.” The verb בָּנָה (banah, “to build”) followed by the preposition עַל (’al, “against”) often refers to the action of building siege-works against a city, that is, to besiege a city (e.g., Deut 20:2; 2 Kgs 25:1; Eccl 9:14; Jer 52:4; Ezek 4:2; 17:17; 21:27). Normally, an explicit accusative direct object is used (e.g., מָצוֹד [matsor] or מָצוֹדִים [matsorim]); however, here, the expression is used absolutely without an explicit accusative [BDB 124 s.v. בָּנָה 1a.η]). 2 tn The verb נָקַף (naqaf, “to surround”) refers to the military action of an army surrounding a besieged city by placing army encampments all around the city, to prevent anyone in the city from escaping (2 Kgs 6:14; 11:8; Pss 17:9; 88:18; Job 19:6). 3 tn Heb “with bitterness and hardship.” The nouns רֹאשׁ וּתְלָאָה (ro’sh utÿla’ah, lit. “bitterness and hardship”) function as adverbial accusatives of manner: “with bitterness and hardship.” The two nouns רֹאשׁ וּתְלָאָה (ro’sh utÿla’ah, “bitterness and hardship”) form a nominal hendiadys: the second retains its full nominal sense, while the first functions adverbially: “bitter hardship.” The noun II רֹאשׁ (ro’sh, “bitterness”) should not be confused with the common homonymic root I רֹאשׁ (ro’sh, “head”). The noun תְּלָאָה (tÿla’ah, “hardship”) is used elsewhere in reference to the distress of Israel in Egypt (Num 20:14), in the wilderness (Exod 18:8), and in exile (Neh 9:32). |
