Amos 1:4

So I will set Hazael’s house ¹  on fire; fire ²  will consume Ben Hadad’s ³  fortresses.

Jud 9:19,20,57; 1Ki 19:15; 1Ki 20:1-22; 2Ki 6:24; 2Ki 8:7-15; 2Ki 13:3,25; 2Ch 16:2; Jer 17:27; Jer 49:27; Eze 30:8; Eze 39:6; Ho 8:14; Am 1:7,10,12,14; Am 2:2,5

¹ tn “Hazael’s house” (“the house of Hazael”) refers to the dynasty of Hazael.

sn Hazael took the throne of Aram in 843 b.c. and established a royal dynasty. See 2 Kgs 8:7-15 and W. Pitard, Ancient Damascus, 145-60.

² tn Heb “it”; the referent (the fire mentioned in the previous line) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

³ sn Ben-hadad may refer to Hazael’s son and successor (2 Kgs 13:3, 24) or to an earlier king (see 1 Kgs 20), perhaps the ruler whom Hazael assassinated when he assumed power.