¹ tn Heb “see [or experience] war.”

⁴ sn The nation will experience God’s protective presence.

¹ tn Heb “cause me to know”; or “cause me to experience.”

³ tn Or “experience persecution,” “will be in distress” (see L&N 22.2).

¹ sn Dumah will experience some relief, but it will be short-lived as night returns.

¹ tn The imperfect verbal form here suggests this is the psalmist’s ongoing experience.

¹ tn The perfect tense here expresses the experience of a state of mind.

¹ sn Two similes are used to portray the aggravation in sending a lazy person to accomplish a task. Vinegar to the teeth is an unpleasant, irritating experience; and smoke to the eyes is an unpleasant experience that hinders progress.

³ tn This is a third class condition in the Greek text. Jesus had this experience already in 20:1-8.

¹ tn Heb “those who love,” which stands metonymically for its cause, the experience of being delivered by God.

¹ tn Heb “those who love,” which stands metonymically for its cause, the experience of being delivered by the Lord.

³ tn Or “avarice,” “covetousness.” Note the warning covers more than money and gets at the root attitude—the strong desire to acquire more and more possessions and experiences.

³ tn That is, “he had had a supernatural encounter in the holy place,” since the angel came to Zechariah by the altar. This was not just a “mental experience.”

⁴ sn The Lord’s right hand represents his military power. He will force the Babylonians to experience the same humiliating defeat they inflicted on others.

¹ sn Eating and drinking with a selfish miser would be irritating and disgusting. The line is hyperbolic; the whole experience turns the stomach.

² tn The phrase “does not find good” is a figure (tapeinosis) meaning, “will experience calamity.” The wicked person can expect trouble ahead.

¹ sn A new song was appropriate because the Lord had intervened in the psalmist’s experience in a fresh and exciting way.

² tn The imperfect verbal forms in v. 4, as in vv. 1-3, highlight what is typical in the psalmist’s experience.

⁴ tn That is, “experience.” The psalmist is confident that the Lord will protect him in his present crisis (see v. 1) and prevent him from dying.

¹ tn Heb “falsehood they speak, a man with his neighbor.” The imperfect verb forms in v. 2 describe what is typical in the psalmist’s experience.