² tn Heb “men of bloodshed.”

² tn Heb “from men of bloodshed.”

³ tn Heb “men of bloodshed and deceit.”

² tn Heb “and the house of bloodshed.”

¹ tn Heb “from bloodshed.” “Bloodshed” here stands by metonymy for the guilt which it produces.

² tn Heb “bloodshed” (so NAB, NASB, NIV); NLT “murder.”

⁴ tn Heb “[who] shuts his ear from listening to bloodshed.”

² tn Heb “that you not place bloodshed in your house.”

³ tn Heb “for bloodshed” (so NASB); TEV “for a chance to commit murder.”

⁴ tn Heb “I will take note of the bloodshed of Jezreel against the house of Jehu.”

² sn They cannot be bought off, for they have a lust for bloodshed.

¹ sn Num 35:33-34 explains that bloodshed defiles a land.

² tn Heb “He will leave his blood upon him”; cf. NIV “will leave upon him the guilt of his bloodshed.”

² sn This implies that rampant bloodshed is one of the reasons for divine judgment. See the note at 24:5.

² tn Heb “take away the undeserved bloodshed which Joab spilled from upon me and from upon the house of my father.”

² tn Heb “judgment for blood,” i.e., indictment or accountability for bloodshed. The word for “judgment” does not appear in the similar phrase in 9:9.

² tn Heb “or with men of bloodshed my life.” The verb is supplied; it is understood by ellipsis (see the preceding line).

¹ tn Heb “who withholds his sword from bloodshed.” This verse is an editorial aside (or apostrophe) warning the Babylonian destroyers to be diligent in carrying out the work of the Lord in destroying Moab.

² sn Isa 26:21 suggests that the earth’s inhabitants defiled the earth by shedding the blood of their fellow human beings. See also Num 35:33-34, which assumes that bloodshed defiles a land.

⁴ tn Heb “a man of bloodshed and deceit.” The singular אִישׁ (ʾish, “man”) is used here in a collective or representative sense; thus the translation “people” is appropriate here. Note the plural forms in vv. 5-6a.