¹ tn Heb “they abandoned.”

³ tn Heb “abandoned your covenant.”

⁴ tn Or “abandon” (TEV, NLT).

¹ tn That is, “he has not abandoned me.”

¹ tn Heb “she gives birth and abandons.”

¹ tn Heb “Refrain from anger! Abandon rage!”

¹ tn Heb “like a woman abandoned and grieved in spirit.”

¹ tn Or “though my father and mother have abandoned me.”

³ tn The verb עָזַב (ʿazav) means “to abandon.” It may have an extended meaning of “to let go” or “to let slip.” But the expression “abandon to myself” means to abandon all restraint and give free course to the complaint.

¹ tn Grk “likewise so also the males abandoning the natural function of the female.”

¹ tn Heb “Let the wicked one abandon his way.” The singular is collective.

¹ tn Heb “and great is the abandonment in the midst of the land.”

² tn The versions add a verb here: “delivered to” or “abandoned to” the hand of Satan.

⁴ sn The rest of you will be free. Joseph’s purpose was to single out Benjamin to see if the brothers would abandon him as they had abandoned Joseph. He wanted to see if they had changed.

¹ tn Grk “Therefore leaving behind.” The implication is not of abandoning this elementary information, but of building on it.

² tn The entire phrase “abandon you as orphans” could be understood as an idiom meaning, “leave you helpless.”

¹ tn Heb “Instead of your being abandoned and despised, with no one passing through, I will make you.”

² tn Heb “he will not drop you,” i.e., “will not abandon you” (cf. NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT).

¹ tn Heb “do not urge me to abandon you to turn back from after you.” Most English versions, following the lead of the KJV, use “leave” here. The use of עזב (ʿazav, “abandon”) reflects Ruth’s perspective. To return to Moab would be to abandon Naomi and to leave her even more vulnerable than she already is.

² tn Or “to forsake,” “to rebel against.” BDAG 120 s.v. ἀποστασία has “ἀποστασίαν διδάσκεις ἀπὸ Μωϋσέως you teach (Judeans) to abandon Moses Ac 21:21.”