² tn Heb “the ram.”

¹ tn Heb “rams’ horns, trumpets.”

¹ tn Heb “If the ram’s horn is blown.”

¹ tn Heb “the shofar” (the ram’s horn trumpet).

² tn Heb “the shofar” (the ram’s horn trumpet).

² tn Heb “blew the ram’s horn in.”

¹ tn Heb “a ram’s horn.” By metonymy the Hebrew text mentions the trumpet (“ram’s horn”) in place of the sound it produces (“trumpet blasts”).

⁶ sn The ram’s horn (used as a trumpet) was blown to signal the approaching battle.

¹ tn Heb “shofar,” a ram’s horn rather than a brass instrument (so throughout the chapter).

² tn Heb “ram’s horn.” But the modern equivalent is “trumpet” and is more readily understandable.

⁴ tn Heb “ram’s horn.” But the modern equivalent is “trumpet” and is more readily understandable.

⁴ tn Heb “ram’s horn.” But the modern equivalent is “trumpet” and is more readily understandable.

³ tn Heb “the shofar” (the ram’s horn trumpet). So also v. 22.

¹ tn Or “young rams”; NIV, NCV “sheep”; NLT “flocks.”

¹ tn Heb “the sound of ram’s horns.” But the modern equivalent is “bugles” and is more readily understandable.

¹ sn This was a long, straight, metallic instrument used for signal calls, rather than the traditional ram’s horn (both instruments are typically translated “trumpet” by English versions).

¹ tn Heb “And the fat from the ox and from the ram.”

¹ tn Heb “and it will be at the sounding of the horn, the ram’s horn, when you hear the sound of the ram’s horn.” The text of Josh 6:5 seems to be unduly repetitive, so for the sake of English style and readability, it is best to streamline the text here. The reading in the Hebrew looks like a conflation of variant readings, with the second (“when you hear the sound of the ram’s horn”) being an interpolation that assimilates the text to verse 20 (“when the army heard the sound of the horn”). Note that the words “when you hear the sound of the ram’s horn” do not appear in the LXX of verse 5.

³ tn The nuance here is permissive imperfect, “they may go up.” The ram’s horn would sound the blast to announce that the revelation period was over and it was permitted then to ascend the mountain.

¹ tn Heb “I will bring them down like lambs to be slaughtered, like rams and he-goats.”