¹ tn Heb “the sons of Ammon.”

¹ sn Moab was located immediately south of Ammon.

² tn Heb “the sons of Ammon.” Ammon was located to the east of Israel.

² tn Heb “the sons of Ammon” (twice in this verse).

² tn Heb “the sons of Ammon, Moab, and Mount Seir.”

³ tn Heb “if the sons of Ammon are stronger than you.”

³ tn Heb “if the sons of Ammon are stronger than you.”

¹ tn Heb “Ammon.” By metonymy the name “Ammon” is used collectively for the soldiers in the Ammonite army.

¹ tn Heb “their”; the referent (Ammon) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

² sn See Jer 9:26, where these are mentioned in connection with Moab, Edom, and Ammon.

³ sn See further Jer 49:1-6 for the judgment against Ammon.

¹ tn Heb “the sons of Ammon and Moab stood against the residents of Mount Seir.”

¹ tn Heb “now, look, the sons of Ammon, Moab and Mount Seir.”

¹ tn Heb “and Joab returned from against the sons of Ammon and entered.”

¹ tn Heb “and half of the land of the sons of Ammon.”

¹ sn See further Jer 49:7-22 for the judgment against Edom. Edom, Moab, and Ammon were east of Judah.

⁵ tn Heb “This the sons of Ammon brought to him, and in the second year and the third.”

⁴ tn Heb “and the servants of David came to the land of the sons of Ammon to Hanun to console him.”

² sn The Lord is sovereign over the nations and has allotted each of them their lands. See Deut 2:5 (Edom); 2:9 (Moab); 2:19 (Ammon). He promised to restore not only his own people Israel to their land (Jer 32:37), but also Moab (Jer 48:47) and Ammon (Jer 49:6).

¹ sn Wadi Jabbok. Now known as the Zerqa River, this is a major tributary of the Jordan that normally served as a boundary between Ammon and Gad (Deut 3:16).