Discovery Box| (1.00) | (Rev 18:16) | 1 tn The word “clothing” is supplied to clarify that the words “purple” and “scarlet” refer to cloth or garments rather than colors. |
| (1.00) | (Rev 18:10) | 1 tn Or “judgment,” condemnation,” “punishment.” BDAG 569 s.v. κρίσις 1.a.β states, “The word oft. means judgment that goes against a person, condemnation, and the sentence that follows…ἡ κ. σου your judgment Rv 18:10.” |
| (1.00) | (Rev 18:8) | 3 tn This is the same Greek word (πένθος, penthos) translated “grief” in vv. 7-8. |
| (1.00) | (Rev 18:5) | 2 tn Or “up to the sky” (the same Greek word means both “heaven” and “sky”). |
| (1.00) | (Rev 18:6) | 1 tn The word “others” is not in the Greek text, but is implied. Direct objects were frequently omitted in Greek when clear from the context. |
| (1.00) | (Rev 18:3) | 3 tn See the notes on the words “passion” in Rev 14:8 and “wrath” in 16:19. |
| (1.00) | (Rev 18:3) | 1 tn Or “all the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “Gentiles” or “nations”). |
| (1.00) | (Rev 18:2) | 3 tn Here BDAG 1067 s.v. φυλακή 3 states, “a place where guarding is done, prison…Of the nether world or its place of punishment (πνεῦμα 2 and 4c) 1 Pt 3:19 (BReicke, The Disobedient Spirits and Christian Baptism ’46, 116f). It is in a φ. in the latter sense that Satan will be rendered harmless during the millennium Rv 20:7. The fallen city of Babylon becomes a φυλακή haunt for all kinds of unclean spirits and birds 18:2ab.” |
| (1.00) | (Rev 17:13) | 1 tn The word “kings” is not in the Greek text, but has been supplied to clarify the referent. |
| (1.00) | (Rev 17:5) | 2 tn Some translations consider the word μυστήριον (mustērion, “mystery”) a part of the name written (“Mystery Babylon the Great,” so KJV, NIV), but the gender of both ὄνομα (onoma, “name”) and μυστήριον are neuter, while the gender of “Babylon” is feminine. This strongly suggests that μυστήριον should be understood as an appositive to ὄνομα (“a name, i.e., a mystery”). |
| (1.00) | (Rev 17:4) | 5 tc Several mss (including 1611 1854 2053 MK) read “sexual immorality on/of the earth” (πορνείας τῆς γῆς, porneias tēs gēs) instead of “her sexual immorality.” Other mss (א syh** [co]) read “her sexual immorality and the earth’s” (πορνείας αὐτῆς καὶ τῆς γῆς, porneias autēs kai tēs gēs). The translation is a rendering of πορνείας αὐτῆς, found in A 1006 2344 al. It seems that the first reading “sexuality immorality on/of the earth” was a scribal mistake in which letters may have been confused (auths would have been read as thsghs), or was perhaps influenced by the presence of “of the world” (τῆς γῆς) at the end of v. 5. The earliest wording seems to be “her sexual immorality”; codex א has conflated the two readings. |
| (1.00) | (Rev 17:3) | 4 tn The word “there” is not in the Greek text, but is supplied for stylistic reasons. |
| (1.00) | (Rev 17:4) | 2 tn The word “clothing” is supplied to clarify that the words “purple” and “scarlet” refer to cloth or garments rather than colors. |
| (1.00) | (Rev 16:19) | 2 tn Or “of the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “Gentiles” or “nations”). |
| (1.00) | (Rev 16:19) | 5 tn Grk “the cup of the wine of the anger of the wrath of him.” The concatenation of four genitives has been rendered somewhat differently by various translations (see the note on the word “wrath”). |
| (1.00) | (Rev 16:14) | 2 tn On this word BDAG 755 s.v. παντοκράτωρ states, “the Almighty, All-Powerful, Omnipotent (One) only of God…(ὁ) κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὁ π.…Rv 1:8; 4:8; 11:17; 15:3; 16:7; 21:22.” |
| (1.00) | (Rev 16:15) | 3 sn These lines are parenthetical, forming an aside to the narrative. The speaker here is the Lord Jesus Christ himself rather than the narrator. Many interpreters have seen this verse as so abrupt that it could not be an original part of the work, but the author has used such asides before (1:7; 14:13) and the suddenness here (on the eve of Armageddon) is completely parallel to Jesus’ warning in Mark 13:15-16 and parallels. |
| (1.00) | (Rev 16:14) | 1 tn BDAG 699 s.v. οἰκουμένη 1 states, “the inhabited earth, the world…ὅλη ἡ οἰκ. the whole inhabited earth…Mt 24:14; Ac 11:28; Rv 3:10; 16:14.” |
| (1.00) | (Rev 16:11) | 1 tn Grk “pains” (the same term in Greek [πόνος, ponos] as the last word in v. 11, here translated “sufferings” because it is plural). BDAG 852 s.v. 2 states, “ἐκ τοῦ π. in pain…Rv 16:10; pl. (Gen 41:51; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 146; Test. Jud. 18:4) ἐκ τῶν π.…because of their sufferings vs. 11.” |
| (1.00) | (Rev 15:6) | 1 tn Or “wide golden sashes,” but these would not be diagonal, as some modern sashes are, but horizontal. The Greek term can refer to a wide band of cloth or leather worn on the outside of one’s clothing (L&N 6.178). |
