² tn The verse ends with “the stone of darkness and deep darkness.” The genitive would be location, describing the place where the stones are found.

¹ tn Heb “finished stone of the quarry,” i.e., stones chiseled and shaped at the time they were taken out of the quarry.

¹ tn Heb “a stone and a stone.” The repetition of the singular noun here expresses diversity, as the following phrase indicates. See IBHS 116 §7.2.3c.

³ tn Heb “he took from the stones of the place,” which here means Jacob took one of the stones (see v. 18).

² sn Received a stoning. See Acts 14:19, where this incident is described.

³ sn (Not) one stone on top of another is an idiom for total destruction.

² tn Grk “not one stone will be left here on another which will not be thrown down.”

² tn Heb “craftsman of a wall,” that is, masons skilled at building stone walls.

¹ tn Heb “and to buy wood and chiseled stone to repair the house.”

² tn Heb “until he had allowed its stones to remain in Kir Hareseth.”

¹ tn Heb “Naboth was stoned and he died.” So also in v. 15.

² tn Heb “tearing away the mountains and breaking the cliffs” (or perhaps, “breaking the stones”).

¹ tn Heb “and he built the stones into an altar in the name of the Lord.”

¹ tn Heb “stones of 10 cubits and stones of 8 cubits” (it is unclear exactly what dimension is being measured). If both numbers refer to the length of the stones (cf. NCV, CEV, NLT), then perhaps stones of two different sizes were used in some alternating pattern.

¹ tn Heb “these,” referring specifically to the 12 stones mentioned in vv. 3-7.

³ tc Smr and LXX have “you [plural] shall pelt them with stones.”

³ tn Or “rosettes,” shield-like frames for the stones. The Hebrew word means “to plait, checker.”

⁴ sn Sacred stone. Such a stone could be used as a boundary marker, a burial stone, or as a shrine. Here the stone is intended to be a reminder of the stairway that was “erected” and on which the Lord “stood.” (In Hebrew the word translated “sacred stone” is derived from the verb translated “erected” in v. 12 and “stood” in v. 13.) Since the top of the stairway reached the heavens where the Lord stood, Jacob poured oil on the top of the stone. See C. F. Graesser, “Standing Stones in Ancient Palestine,” BA 35 (1972): 34-63; and E. Stockton, “Sacred Pillars in the Bible,” ABR 20 (1972): 16-32.

² sn This proverb basically means that the stone crushes, without regard to whether it falls on someone or someone falls on it. On the stone as a messianic image, see Isa 28:16 and Dan 2:44-45.

¹ sn This proverb basically means that the stone crushes, without regard to whether it falls on someone or someone falls on it. On the stone as a messianic image, see Isa 28:16 and Dan 2:44-45.