³ tn Grk “proceeding.” Water is more naturally thought to pour out or flow out in English idiom.

¹ tn Heb “let the clouds drip with”; KJV “let the skies pour down.”

³ tn Heb “console myself” (i.e., by getting revenge); NRSV “pour out my wrath on.”

³ tn Heb “is poured out on him.” The passive participle of יָצַק (yatsaq) is used.

¹ tn Heb “and they poured out [the stew].” The plural subject is probably indefinite.

¹ tn Grk “this is my blood of the covenant that is poured out for many.” In order to avoid confusion about which is poured out, the translation supplies “blood” twice so that the following phrase clearly modifies “blood,” not “covenant.”

¹ tn Grk “for this is my blood of the covenant that is poured out for many.” In order to avoid confusion about which is poured out, the translation supplies “blood” twice so that the following phrase clearly modifies “blood,” not “covenant.”

⁵ tn The verb יָצַק (yatsaq) means “to pour out; to shed; to spill; to flow.” The Hophal means “to be poured out” (as in Lev 21:10 and Ps 45:3).

² sn You anointed the sacred stone. In Gen 28:18 the text simply reported that Jacob poured oil on top of the stone. Now that pouring is interpreted by the Lord as an anointing. Jacob had consecrated the place.

¹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “thus” to indicate the implied result of the bowl poured on the sun.

² sn On the OT background of the Spirit being poured out, see Isa 32:15; Joel 2:28-29.

⁵ sn The use of the verb poured out looks back to 2:17-18, where the same verb occurs twice.

² tn Grk “they will give”; that is, “pour.” The third person plural has been replaced by the passive in the translation.

¹ tn Heb “they have poured out their blood like water, all around Jerusalem, and there is no one burying.”

¹ tn The Hebrew verb normally means “to pour out,” but here it must have the nuance “to slide.”

² tn Heb “who poured water on the hands of Elijah.” This refers to one of the typical tasks of a servant.

¹ sn The background to the image pressed down, shaken together, running over is pouring out grain for measure in the marketplace. One often poured the grain into a container, shook it to level out the grain and then poured in some more. Those who are generous have generosity running over for them.

² tc Heb “pouring out your anger and also making drunk”; or “pouring out your anger and [by] rage making drunk.” The present translation assumes that the final khet (ח) on מְסַפֵּחַ (m^esappeakh, “pouring”) is dittographic and that the form should actually be read מִסַּף (missaf, “from a bowl”).

⁵ tn Heb “as their life is poured out.” The term בְּהִשְׁתַּפֵּךְ (b^ehishtappekh), Hitpael infinitive construct + the preposition בּ (bet), from שָׁפַךְ (shafakh, “to pour out”), may be rendered “as they expire” (BDB 1050 s.v. שָׁפַךְ), referring to the process of dying. Note the repetition of the word “pour out” with various direct objects in this poem at 2:4, 11, 12, and 19.

⁴ tn Heb “and pouring out a libation, but not [from] my spirit.” This translation assumes that the verb נָסַךְ (nasakh) means “pour out,” and that the cognate noun מַסֵּכָה (massekhah) means “libation.” In this case “pouring out a libation” alludes to a ceremony that formally ratifies an alliance. Another option is to understand the verb נָסַךְ as a homonym meaning “weave,” and the cognate noun מַסֵּכָה as a homonym meaning “covering.” In this case forming an alliance is likened to weaving a garment.