Discovery Box| (0.02) | (Jon 1:11) | 2 tn The vav plus the imperfect conjugation verb וְיִשְׁתֹּק (veyishtoq, “to be quiet”) here denotes purpose/result (see IBHS 638-40 §38.3). |
| (0.02) | (Jon 1:4) | 2 tn The Hiphil of טוּל (tul, “to hurl”) is used here and several times in this episode for rhetorical emphasis (see vv. 5 and 15). |
| (0.02) | (Oba 1:13) | 1 tn Heb “the gate.” The term “gate” here functions as a synecdoche for the city as a whole, which the Edomites plundered. |
| (0.02) | (Oba 1:11) | 2 tn Or perhaps, “wealth” (so NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT). The Hebrew word is somewhat ambiguous here. This word also appears in v. 13, where it clearly refers to wealth. |
| (0.02) | (Oba 1:9) | 2 tn The Hebrew word used here (לְמַעַן, lemaʿan) usually expresses purpose. The sense in this context, however, is more likely that of result. |
| (0.02) | (Oba 1:6) | 1 tn Heb “Esau.” The name Esau here is a synecdoche of part for whole referring to the Edomites. Cf. “Jacob” in v. 10, where the meaning is “Israelites.” |
| (0.02) | (Amo 6:5) | 1 tn The meaning of the Hebrew verb פָּרַט (parat), which occurs only here in the OT, is unclear. Some translate “strum,” “pluck,” or “improvise.” |
| (0.02) | (Amo 4:11) | 1 tn Several English versions substitute the first person pronoun (“I”) here for stylistic reasons (e.g., NIV, NCV, TEV, CEV, NLT). |
| (0.02) | (Amo 3:9) | 3 tn The Hebrew noun carries the nuance of “panic” or “confusion.” Here it refers metonymically to the violent deeds that terrorize the oppressed. |
| (0.02) | (Amo 3:2) | 1 tn Heb “You only have I known.” The Hebrew verb יָדַע (yadaʿ) is used here in its covenantal sense of “recognize in a special way.” |
| (0.02) | (Amo 2:7) | 6 tn Heb “my holy name.” Here “name” is used metonymically for God’s moral character or reputation, while “holy” has a moral and ethical connotation. |
| (0.02) | (Amo 2:4) | 6 sn Here the idolatry of the parents carried over to the children, who persisted in worshiping the idols to which their fathers were loyal. |
| (0.02) | (Joe 3:14) | 1 sn The decision referred to here is not a response on the part of the crowd but the verdict handed out by the divine judge. |
| (0.02) | (Hos 4:13) | 1 tn The phrase “they sacrifice” is not repeated in the Hebrew text here but is implied by parallelism; it is provided in the translation for the sake of clarity. |
| (0.02) | (Hos 2:19) | 1 tn Heb “I will betroth you to me” (so NIV) here and in the following lines (cf. NRSV “I will take you for my wife forever”). |
| (0.02) | (Hos 2:8) | 5 tn The phrase “that it was I who” does not appear in the Hebrew text here but is supplied in the translation for the sake of clarity. |
| (0.02) | (Hos 1:9) | 1 tn Heb “Then he said”; the referent (the Lord) has been specified in the translation for clarity. As in v. 6, many English versions specify the speaker here. |
| (0.02) | (Hos 1:6) | 4 tn The particle כִּי (ki) probably denotes cause (so NCV, TEV, CEV) or result here (GKC 505 §166.b; BDB 473 s.v. כִּי 3.c). |
| (0.02) | (Hos 1:1) | 3 sn Joash is a variation of the name Jehoash. Some English versions use “Jehoash” here (e.g., NIV, NCV, TEV, NLT). |
| (0.02) | (Hos 1:2) | 4 tn Heb “to Hosea.” The proper name is replaced by the pronoun here to avoid redundancy in English (cf. NIV, NCV, NLT). |
