(0.30) | (Hab 1:4) | 1 tn Heb “the law is numb,” i.e., like a hand that has “fallen asleep” (see Ps 77:2). Cf. NAB “is benumbed”; NIV “is paralyzed.” |
(0.30) | (Nah 2:8) | 4 tn This clause is understood as a contrast to the previous and adds “now” to help mark that contrast (cf. NJPS “Now they flee”). |
(0.30) | (Nah 1:2) | 2 tn The syntax of this line has been understood both as a single clause (NRSV, NASB, NIV) and as two parallel clauses (KJV). The LXX reflects the latter, “God is jealous, and the Lord avenges.” Masoretic accentuation and Hebrew syntax support the former, that is, the accentuation links קַנּוֹא וְנֹקֵם (qannoʾ venoqem, “jealous and avenging”) together. Normal word order suggests that קַנּוֹא וְנֹקֵם (“jealous and avenging”) are attributive adjectives modifying אֵל (ʾel, “God”) and that the Lord is the subject. Another possibility is that the adjectives are a case of hendiadys and should be understood as “The Lord is a zealously avenging God.” |
(0.30) | (Mic 7:19) | 2 tn The verb יָשׁוּב (yashuv, “he will return”) is here used adverbially in relation to the following verb, indicating that the Lord will again show mercy. |
(0.30) | (Mic 7:11) | 1 sn Personified Jerusalem declares her confidence in vv. 8-10; in this verse she is assured that she will indeed be vindicated. |
(0.30) | (Mic 6:1) | 2 sn As in some ancient Near Eastern treaties, the mountains are personified as legal witnesses that will settle the dispute between God and Israel. |
(0.30) | (Mic 5:3) | 5 sn Gives birth. The point of the figurative language is that Jerusalem finally finds relief from her suffering. See 4:10. |
(0.30) | (Mic 5:5) | 4 sn The numbers seven and eight here symbolize completeness and emphasize that Israel will have more than enough military leadership and strength to withstand the Assyrian advance. |
(0.30) | (Mic 4:9) | 5 tn Heb “that.” The Hebrew particle כִּי (ki) is used here in a resultative sense; for this use see R. J. Williams, Hebrew Syntax, 73, §450. |
(0.30) | (Jon 4:5) | 3 sn Apparently Jonah hoped that he might have persuaded the Lord to “change his mind” again (see 3:8-10) and to judge Nineveh after all. |
(0.30) | (Jon 1:4) | 1 tn The disjunctive construction of vav + a non-verb then a verb (that is not preterite conjugation) marks a contrast in the narrative action. |
(0.30) | (Jon 1:5) | 10 tn The a-class theme vowel of וַיֵּרָדַם (vayyeradam) indicates that this is a stative verb, describing the resultant condition of falling asleep: “was sound asleep.” |
(0.30) | (Oba 1:9) | 2 tn The Hebrew word used here (לְמַעַן, lemaʿan) usually expresses purpose. The sense in this context, however, is more likely that of result. |
(0.30) | (Amo 8:12) | 2 tn That is, from the Mediterranean Sea in the west to the Dead Sea in the east—namely, across the whole land. |
(0.30) | (Amo 5:6) | 5 tn Heb “to/for Bethel.” The translation assumes that the preposition indicates advantage, “on behalf of.” Another option is to take the preposition as vocative, “O Bethel.” |
(0.30) | (Amo 4:2) | 1 sn The message that follows is an unconditional oath, the fulfillment of which is just as certain as the Lord’s own holy character. |
(0.30) | (Amo 3:9) | 3 tn The Hebrew noun carries the nuance of “panic” or “confusion.” Here it refers metonymically to the violent deeds that terrorize the oppressed. |
(0.30) | (Joe 2:7) | 1 sn Since the invaders are compared to warriors, this suggests that they are not actually human but instead an army of locusts. |
(0.30) | (Hos 8:5) | 1 tn Heb “How long will they be able to be free from punishment?” This rhetorical question affirms that Israel will not survive much longer until God punishes it. |
(0.30) | (Hos 2:14) | 2 tn Following the future-time-referent participle (מְפַתֶּיהָ, méfatteha), there is a string of perfects introduced by vav consecutive that refer to future events. |