Discovery Box| (1.00) | (Rev 22:12) | 1 tn The Greek term may be translated either “pay” or “pay back” and has something of a double meaning here. However, because of the mention of “wages” (“reward,” another wordplay with two meanings) in the previous clause, the translation “pay” for ἀποδοῦναι (apodounai) was used here. |
| (1.00) | (Rev 22:19) | 1 tc The Textus Receptus, on which the KJV rests, reads “the book” of life (ἀπὸ βίβλου, apo biblou) instead of “the tree” of life. When the Dutch humanist Desiderius Erasmus translated the NT he had access to no Greek mss for the last six verses of Revelation. So he translated the Latin Vulgate back into Greek at this point. As a result he created seventeen textual variants which were not in any Greek mss. The most notorious of these is this reading. It is thus decidedly inauthentic, while “the tree” of life, found in the best and virtually all Greek mss, is clearly authentic. The confusion was most likely due to an intra-Latin switch: The form of the word for “tree” in Latin in this passage is ligno; the word for “book” is libro. The two-letter difference accounts for an accidental alteration in some Latin mss; that “book of life” as well as “tree of life” is a common expression in the Apocalypse probably accounts for why this was not noticed by Erasmus or the KJV translators. (This textual problem is not discussed in NA27.) |
| (1.00) | (Rev 22:6) | 4 tn See the note on the word “servants” in 1:1. |
| (1.00) | (Rev 22:3) | 4 tn See the note on the word “servants” in 1:1. |
| (1.00) | (Rev 22:9) | 3 tn Grk “fellow slave.” Though σύνδουλος (sundoulos) is here translated “fellow servant,” the word does not bear the connotation of a free individual serving another. See the note on the word “servants” in 1:1. |
| (1.00) | (Rev 22:8) | 3 tn Grk “I fell down and worshiped at the feet.” BDAG 815 s.v. πίπτω 1.b.α.ב. has “fall down, throw oneself to the ground as a sign of devotion or humility, before high-ranking persons or divine beings.” |
| (1.00) | (Rev 22:2) | 5 tn The words “of the year” are implied. |
| (1.00) | (Rev 22:2) | 2 tn The Greek word πλατεῖα (plateia) refers to a major (broad) street (L&N 1.103). |
| (1.00) | (Rev 21:27) | 5 tn Grk “those who are written”; the word “names” is implied. |
| (1.00) | (Rev 21:26) | 2 tn Or “the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “Gentiles” or “nations”). |
| (1.00) | (Rev 21:22) | 2 tn On this word BDAG 755 s.v. παντοκράτωρ states, “the Almighty, All-Powerful, Omnipotent (One) only of God…(ὁ) κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὁ π.…Rv 1:8; 4:8; 11:17; 15:3; 16:7; 21:22.” |
| (1.00) | (Rev 21:24) | 1 tn Or “the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “Gentiles” or “nations”). |
| (1.00) | (Rev 21:21) | 2 tn The Greek word πλατεῖα (plateia) refers to a major (broad) street (L&N 1.103). |
| (1.00) | (Rev 21:18) | 3 tn Or “transparent crystal.” See L&N 6.222, which notes the emphasis is on transparency here. The same Greek word, καθαρός (katharos), means both “pure” (referring to the gold) and “transparent” (referring to the glass). |
| (1.00) | (Rev 21:16) | 4 tn Grk “with the rod”; the word “measuring” is supplied from the description in v. 15. |
| (1.00) | (Rev 21:13) | 1 tn The words “There are” have been supplied to make a complete English sentence. This is a continuation of the previous sentence, a lengthy and complicated one in Greek. |
| (1.00) | (Rev 21:13) | 2 tn The word “side” has been supplied four times in this verse for clarity. |
| (1.00) | (Rev 21:11) | 1 tn Grk “from God, having the glory of God.” Here a new sentence was started in the translation by supplying the words “the city” to refer back to the previous clause and translating the participle (“having”) as a finite verb. |
| (1.00) | (Rev 21:8) | 1 tn On the term φαρμακεία (pharmakeia, “magic spells”) see L&N 53.100: “the use of magic, often involving drugs and the casting of spells upon people—‘to practice magic, to cast spells upon, to engage in sorcery, magic, sorcery.’ φαρμακεία: ἐν τῇ φαρμακείᾳ σου ἐπλανήθησαν πάντα τὰ ἔθνη ‘with your magic spells you deceived all the peoples (of the world)’ Re 18:23.” |
| (1.00) | (Rev 21:6) | 2 tn The word “water” is not in the Greek text, but is implied. Direct objects were frequently omitted in Greek when clear from the context. |
