¹ tn Heb “its elevated place,” or “its refuge.”

¹ tn Grk “have taken refuge”; the basis of that refuge is implied in the preceding verse.

⁴ tn Or “seeks refuge in me.” “Seeking refuge” is a metonymy for “being loyal to.”

¹ tn Heb “[the] refuge, [the] lie.” See v. 15.

² tn Heb “ a place of refuge perishes from me.”

² tn Heb “become for me a rocky summit of refuge.”

³ tn Heb “our refuge and strength,” which is probably a hendiadys meaning “our strong refuge” (see Ps 71:7). Another option is to translate, “our refuge and source of strength.”

¹ tn Heb “God of my place of refuge,” that is, “God who is my place of refuge.” See Ps 31:4.

² tn Heb “and they will take refuge in the name of the Lord.”

¹ tn Heb “and a place of refuge will perish from the swift.”

² tn Heb “[he is] their place of refuge in a time of trouble.”

³ tn 2 Sam 22:33 reads, “the God is my strong refuge.”

³ tn Heb “under whose wings you have sought shelter”; NIV, NLT “have come to take refuge.”

¹ tn The Hebrew text reads simply “the cities.” The words “for refuge” are supplied for clarification.

² tn Heb “to seek protection in the protection of Pharaoh, and to seek refuge in the shade of Egypt.”

² sn This may refer to a site in the Egyptian Delta that served as a refuge for Jews (Jer 44:1; 46:14).

² tn Heb “rock” or “rocky cliff,” a title that depicts God as a protective refuge in his role as sovereign king; thus the translation “sheltering rock.”

³ tn Heb “city of his strength”; NIV “fortified city.” This term refers to their place of refuge, what they look to for security and protection in time of trouble.

² tn Heb “and his place of refuge is in Salem, and his lair in Zion.” God may be likened here to a lion (see v. 4).

¹ sn This section has two main parts, the Levitical cities (vv. 1-8) and the Cities of Refuge (vv. 9-34).