³ tn Or “purifying.”

¹ tn Or “purifies.”

² tn Or “purifying.”

⁴ tn Or “purify.”

² tn Heb “purifying.”

¹ tn Or “purify ourselves.”

² tn Heb “purify his path.”

¹ tn Heb “to purify the land and the house.”

¹ tn Grk “the worshipers, having been purified once for all, would have.”

³ sn The expression have your sins washed away means “have your sins purified” (the washing is figurative).

¹ sn The ultimate purpose of divine judgment is to purify the covenant community of its sins.

¹ tn Heb “and he shall purify it and he shall consecrate it.”

¹ tn Grk “having purified,” as the preparation for the love described in the second half of the verse.

³ tn Or “to purify themselves” (to undergo or carry out ceremonial cleansing before participating in the Passover celebration).

¹ tn Heb “to atone” (also later in this verse); see the note on “purifying the holy place” in 16:20.

¹ tn The construction uses a simple Piel of חָטָא (khataʾ, “to purify”) with a pronominal suffix—“he shall purify him.” Some commentators take this to mean that after he sprinkles the unclean then he must purify himself. But that would not be the most natural way to read this form.

² tn Heb “I will refine/purify them.” The words “in the fires of affliction” are supplied in the translation to give clarity to the metaphor.

³ tn Regarding the Piel of חָטָא (khataʾ, cf. v. 52) meaning to “purify” or “decontaminate,” see the notes on Lev 8:15 and 9:15.

² tn Heb “in bloods of purification” or “purifying” or “purity”; NASB “in the blood of her purification”; NRSV “her time of blood purification.” See the following note.

¹ tn The expression “and performed a purification rite [with] it” reads literally in the MT, “and purified [with] it.” The verb is the Piel of חָטָא (khataʾ, Qal = “to sin”), which means “to decontaminate, purify” (i.e., “to de-sin”; see the note on Lev 8:15).