³ tn Or “intense anger, hostility.”

¹ tn Grk “is hostility toward God.”

¹ tn Grk “by killing the hostility in himself.”

² tn Heb “arose against” (in a hostile sense).

¹ tn Or “hostility.” This term pictures dissension and hostility (BDAG 234 s.v. διαμερισμός).

¹ tn Heb “in rage of hostility with you”; NASB “with wrathful hostility”; NRSV “I will continue hostile to you in fury”; CEV “I’ll get really furious.”

² tn Or “are hostile toward” (L&N 39.1).

² sn The hostile nations’ plans to destroy God’s people will come to nothing; their hostility will end up being self-destructive.

¹ tn Heb “hostile with me,” but see the added preposition ב (bet) on the phrase “in hostility” in v. 24 and 27.

¹ tn Or “things.” They are preaching these things even to the hostile leadership.

³ tn Or “to reason” (in a hostile sense). See G. Schrenk, TDNT 2:97.

¹ tn Or “reasonings” (in a hostile sense). See G. Schrenk, TDNT 2:97.

¹ tn Heb “I will stretch out my hand against,” is an idiom for hostile action.

² sn Here thorns may be a figure for hostility (Ezek 28:24; Mic 7:4).

³ sn The mountains and hills symbolize hostile nations that are obstacles to Israel’s restoration.

³ sn Edom is mentioned here as epitomizing the hostile nations that oppose God.

² tn Heb “from the hostility of your hand I have come to an end.”

² tn The Hebrew imperfect verbal form depicts the enemies’ hostile action as underway.

² tn Heb “meet [with hostility]”; “harm.” In light of v. 13, “kill” is an appropriate translation.

² tn Heb “hostile ones of Judah.” Elsewhere when the substantival participle of צָרָר (tsarar) takes a pronominal suffix or appears in a construct relationship, the following genitive is objective. (For a list of texts see BDB 865 s.v. III צָרַר) In this case the phrase “hostile ones of Judah” means “those who are hostile toward Judah,” i.e., Judah’s enemies. However, the parallel couplet that follows suggests that Judah’s hostility toward Ephraim is in view. In this case “hostile ones of Judah” means “hostile ones from Judah.” The translation above assumes the latter, giving the immediate context priority over general usage.