² tn Grk “blows.”

³ tn Heb “between blow and blow.”

³ tn Grk “will receive few (blows).”

² tn Heb “he blows his breath.”

² tn Heb “with blows their sin.”

¹ tn Heb “the one blowing the shofar.”

⁴ tn Heb “every controversy and every blow.”

³ tn Heb “for blows.” The Hebrew noun מַדְחֵפֹה (madkhefoh, “blow”) occurs only here in the OT.

¹ tn Heb “and struck them down with a great blow.”

¹ tn Heb “and he struck them down with a great blow.”

³ tn Heb “struck,” but in context a fatal blow is meant; cf. NLT “who committed the murder.”

² tn The verb תָקַע (taqaʿ) means “to strike, drive, blow a trumpet.”

² tn Heb “blow”; the direct object (“trumpets”) has been supplied in the translation for clarity.

² tn Heb “your blow, stroke”; cf. TEV “punishment”; NLT “I will inflict you with seven more disasters.”

⁴ tn The verb יָזֹקּוּ (yazoqqu) translated “refined,” comes from זָקַק (zaqaq), a word that basically means “to blow.” From the meaning “to blow; to distend; to inflate” derives the meaning for refining.

¹ tn The Hebrew text adds, “in order to blow [them].” This has not been included in the translation for stylistic reasons.

³ tn On this phrase BDAG 603 s.v. λούω 1 gives a literal translation as “by washing he freed them from the effects of the blows.”

¹ sn The Sea of Galilee is well known for its sudden and violent storms, caused by winds blowing down the ravines from the surrounding heights.

¹ tn Heb “I will put.” No object is supplied in the Hebrew, prompting many to emend the text to “I will blow.” See BHS and verse 21.

¹ sn The imagery of blowing on the sword with fire and putting it in the hands of skillful men can evoke the work of smithies.