² sn The identity of the Gammadites is uncertain.

³ tn The word occurs only here; the precise meaning is uncertain.

² sn Magadan was a place along the Sea of Galilee, the exact location of which is uncertain.

¹ tn The precise meaning of the Hebrew verb בָּלַג (balag, translated here “flashes”) is uncertain.

² tn This is the only occurrence of this term in the OT. The precise meaning is uncertain.

¹ tn Hebrew קִפּוֹז (qippoz) occurs only here; the precise meaning of the word is uncertain.

² tn Heb “like the glowing heat because of light.” The precise meaning of the line is uncertain.

² sn Perhaps 715 b.c., but the precise date is uncertain.

¹ tn The precise meaning of many of the words in this list is uncertain.

¹ sn Tarshish was a distant western port, the precise location of which is uncertain.

² tn Heb “10 cubits surrounding the sea all around.” The precise meaning of this description is uncertain.

² tn The precise meaning of this last word, translated “wreaths,” is uncertain.

² tn The precise meaning of this last word, translated “wreaths,” is uncertain.

¹ tn Heb “the pillar, doorposts, a fifth part” (the precise meaning of this description is uncertain).

¹ tn The meaning of the Hebrew word מִדִּין (middin, “saddle blankets”) in this context is uncertain.

² sn The precise geographical location of the Israelite defeat at this “steep slope” is uncertain.

¹ tn The meaning of this Hebrew term is uncertain; Syriac reads “water” and Vulgate reads “hot water.”

² tn The meaning of this Hebrew term is uncertain (cf. NASB, NIV “to meditate”; NRSV “to walk”).

¹ tn Grk “except they wash the hands with a fist,” a ceremonial washing (though the actual method is uncertain).

⁴ tn Heb “changes.” The imagery in this verse about gold is without parallel in the Bible and uncertain in precise nuance.