¹ tn Heb “my lord,” a title of polite address.

³ tn Heb “my lord,” here a title of polite address (cf. v. 19).

¹ tn The cohortative verbal form here indicates a polite offer of help.

¹ tn The Qal cohortative here probably has the nuance of polite request.

⁴ sn Felix left Paul in prison. Luke makes the point that politics got in the way of justice here; keeping Paul in prison was a political favor to the Jews.

¹ tn Social and political chaos also precedes the end. This term refers to revolutions (L&N 39.34).

⁴ tn Heb “the men of your peace.” This expression refers to a political/military alliance or covenant of friendship.

⁵ sn “To Caesar you will go!” In all probability Festus was pleased to send Paul on to Rome and get this political problem out of his court.

⁵ sn Acting…saying…Jesus. The charges are serious, involving sedition (Luke 23:2). If the political charges were true, Rome would have to react.

⁹ tn Or “for a reconciliation.” There were grave political risks in having Herod angry at them. The detail shows the ruler’s power.

³ sn “Are you the king of the Jews?” Pilate was interested only in the third charge because of its political implications of sedition against Rome.

³ sn Subverting our nation was a summary charge, as Jesus “subverted” the nation by making false claims of a political nature, as the next two detailed charges show.

² sn “Are you the king of the Jews?” Pilate was interested in this charge because of its political implications of sedition against Rome.

³ sn “Are you the king of the Jews?” Pilate was interested in this charge because of its political implications of sedition against Rome.

² sn Cf. Jer 30:17. Jerusalem is again being personified, and her political and spiritual well-being are again in view.

³ sn The proverb acknowledges the fact of life, but it also reminds people of the value of gifts in life, especially in business or in politics.

¹ tn Heb “priest for David.” KJV (“a chief ruler about David”) and ASV (“chief minister unto David”) regarded this office as political.

¹ sn The term father in genealogical records needs to be carefully defined. It can refer to a literal father, a grandfather, a political overlord, or a founder.

² sn He incites the people. The Jewish leadership claimed that Jesus was a political threat and had to be stopped. By reiterating this charge of stirring up rebellion, they pressured Pilate to act, or be accused of overlooking political threats to Rome.

² tn L&N 37.93 defines πολιτάρχης (politarchēs) as “a public official responsible for administrative matters within a town or city and a member of the ruling council of such a political unit—‘city official.’”