¹ tn Or “we employ great openness of speech.”

¹ tn The Hebrew construction employs a cognate accusative, where the nominal object (“vegetation”) derives from the verbal root employed. It stresses the abundant productivity that God created.

¹ tn Grk “each one’s.” Here “builder’s” is employed in the translation for clarity.

² tn The expression בַּעוֹז (baʿoz) employs a beth essentiae, meaning he “is strong,” not “in strength.”

¹ tn See the note on 22:26 where the same verb is employed.

¹ tn Heb “said.” For stylistic reasons the present translation employs “replied” here.

¹ tn The emphatic construction employs the Niphal imperfect tense (collective singular) and the Niphal infinitive.

² tn Heb “the waters.” The pronoun (“they”) has been employed in the translation for stylistic reasons.

¹ tn Heb “Noah.” The pronoun (“he”) has been employed in the translation for stylistic reasons.

² tn Heb “God.” The pronoun (“he”) has been employed in the translation for stylistic reasons.

² tn Heb “No-Amon.” The name is transliterated by NAB, NASB; many other English versions employ the equivalent “Thebes.”

¹ tn Hosea employs three preterites (vayyiqtol forms) in verse 13a-b to describe a past-time situation.

⁴ sn For a discussion of the imagery employed here, see J. N. Oswalt, Isaiah (NICOT), 1:684.

⁴ tn Heb “bars,” but this could be understood to mean “taverns,” so “barred gates” is employed in the translation.

¹ tn Heb “the Lord.” The pronoun (“he”) has been employed in the translation here for stylistic reasons, to avoid redundancy.

¹ tn Heb “the Lord your God.” The pronoun (“him”) has been employed in the translation for stylistic reasons.

² tn Or “who were beating their breasts,” implying a ritualized form of mourning employed in Jewish funerals. See the note on the term “women” earlier in this verse.

² tn Heb “and taught him.” The vav (ו) consecutive with prefixed verbal form continues the previous line. The translation employs an interrogative pronoun for stylistic reasons.

¹ tn Normally “tested” would be the translation for the Niphal of בָּחַר (bakhar). Although the Qal is employed here, the context favors “tested” rather than “chose.”

¹ tn The verb is a nonpreterite vayyiqtol perhaps employed to indicate that the contents of v. 11 are a logical sequence to the actions described in v. 10.