¹ tn Grk “defilements”; “contaminations”; “pollutions.”

² tn Or “defiled the temple.”

² tn Grk “from every defilement of the flesh.”

⁶ tn Or “and has defiled this holy place.”

³ tn Heb “defiled with blood.” Cf. Isa 59:3.

³ tn Or “defiled”; cf. ASV “profane”; NAB “profaned”; NIV “ungodly.”

¹ tn Heb “defiled; desecrated,” that is, “made ritually unclean and unusable.”

¹ tn Grk “but to eat with unwashed hands does not defile a person.”

² tn Or perhaps “secularized”; cf. NIV “desecrated”; TEV, NLT “defiled”; CEV “disgraced.”

² tn Or “the defiled”; TEV “The sinful people of Zion”; NLT “The sinners in Jerusalem.”

³ tn Heb “in order to do [or “so that he does”] what is godless [or “defiled”].”

² tn Or “defiled”; cf. ASV “profane”; NAB “impious”; NCV “separated from God.”

¹ sn Num 35:33-34 explains that bloodshed defiles a land.

³ tc The MT has “to defile,” but Smr, LXX, and Syriac have “to uncleanness.”

³ tn Heb “for the sake of defiling my sanctuary and to profane my holy name.”

¹ tn Heb “And the land will not vomit you out in your defiling it.”

² sn Isa 26:21 suggests that the earth’s inhabitants defiled the earth by shedding the blood of their fellow human beings. See also Num 35:33-34, which assumes that bloodshed defiles a land.

¹ tn The aorist passive verb is rendered as a reflexive (“defiled themselves”) by BDAG 657 s.v. μολύνω 2.

² sn For the concept of defiling the land in legal literature, see Lev 18:28 and Deut 21:23.

² tn Heb “because of the lightness of her prostitution, she defiled the land and committed adultery with stone and wood.”