¹ tn Heb “They have violated my covenant which I commanded them.”

² tn The Hebrew text simply reads “the covenant” or “the testimony.”

¹ tn This is linked back grammatically by apposition to “covenant” in v. 72, specifying which covenant is meant.

⁴ tn Or “everlasting covenant” (KJV, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT); NAB “the ancient covenant”; CEV “their agreement that was to last forever.”

¹ sn The ark of the covenant refers to the wooden chest that symbolized God’s presence among his covenant people.

³ sn Compare the ideals of the Mosaic covenant in Lev 26:6, the Davidic covenant in 2 Sam 7:10-11, and the new covenant in Ezek 34:25-31.

² tn Heb “a covenant of people.” A person cannot literally be a covenant; בְּרִית (b^erit) is probably metonymic here, indicating a covenant mediator. Here עָם (ʿam, “people”) appears to refer to Israel. See the note at 42:6.

¹ tn Heb “the covenant and loyal love.” The expression is a hendiadys. The second noun retains its full nominal sense, while the first functions adjectivally: “the covenant and loyalty” = covenant fidelity.

¹ tn Grk “the first” (referring to the covenant described in Heb 8:7, 13). In the translation the referent (covenant) has been specified for clarity.

³ sn God gave…the covenant. Note how the covenant of promise came before Abraham’s entry into the land and before the building of the temple.

¹ tn Heb “an everlasting covenant.” For the rationale for the rendering “agreement” and the nature of the biblical covenants, see the study note on 11:2.

³ tn Heb “the cutters of my covenant according to sacrifice.” A sacrifice accompanied the covenant-making ceremony and formally ratified the agreement (see Exod 24:3-8).

¹ sn Baal Berith was a local manifestation of the Canaanite storm god. The name means, ironically, “Baal of the covenant.” Israel’s covenant allegiance had indeed shifted.

¹ tn Grk “not like the covenant,” continuing the description of v. 8b.

² sn This new covenant is promised in Jer 31:31-34; 32:40.

¹ tn Heb “a treaty” (so NIV, NRSV); cf. KJV, NASB “a covenant,” NAB “comes to terms.”

² tn Heb “who keeps the covenant and the loyal love.” The expression is a hendiadys.

³ tn The expression “sons of the covenant land” possibly refers to Jews living in Egypt (Jer 44).

¹ sn The ultimate purpose of divine judgment is to purify the covenant community of its sins.

¹ tn Or “my covenant with” (so many English versions); NCV “my agreement with.”