² tn Heb “[the city wall of] Jerusalem.” The term “Jerusalem” probably functions as a metonymy of association for the city wall of Jerusalem. Accordingly, the phrase “the city wall of” has been supplied in the translation to clarify this figurative expression.

¹ tn Heb “a small upper room of a wall.” According to HALOT 832 s.v. עֲלִיָּה, this refers to “a fully walled upper room.”

² sn The city wall symbolizes the city’s defenses and security.

¹ sn The city wall symbolizes the city’s defenses and security.

¹ sn The city wall symbolizes the city’s defenses and security.

⁴ tn The wall is a synecdoche of a part standing for the whole city.

¹ sn The protective walls of the metaphorical vineyard are in view here (see Isa 5:5).

¹ tn Heb “wall of Ophel.” See HALOT 861 s.v. II עֹפֶל.

¹ tn Heb “and he built…[as] cities of fortification, [with] walls, doors, and a bar.”

⁵ tn Heb “so that [the beams] would not have a hold in the walls of the temple.”

² tn The text has the plural “walls,” but many Hebrew mss read the singular “wall,” which is also supported by the ancient Greek version. The modifying adjective “thick” is singular as well.

³ tn Heb “They will beat down with the sword.” The term “sword” is a figure of speech (synecdoche) for military weapons in general. Siege ramps, not swords, beat down city walls; swords kill people, not city walls.

¹ tn Heb “day and night they surround it, upon its walls.” Personified “violence and conflict” are the likely subjects. They are compared to watchmen on the city’s walls.

¹ tn Heb “and he built on the wall of the temple an extension all around, the walls of the temple all around, for the main hall and for the holy place, and he made side rooms all around.”

¹ tn Or “high walls and barred gates” (NLT); Heb “high walls, gates, and bars.” Since “bars” could be understood to mean “saloons,” the qualifying adjective “locking” has been supplied in the translation.

¹ tn This window was probably a simple opening in the wall (see also BDAG 462 s.v. θυρίς).

² tn Heb “her stones.” The term “stones” is a metonymy for the city walls whose foundations were constructed of stone masonry.

⁶ sn I can jump over a wall. The psalmist uses hyperbole to emphasize his God-given military superiority.

¹ tn Heb “to that which surrounds.” On the referent here as “the surrounding walls,” see HALOT 740 s.v. סָבִיב.

¹ tn Heb “fortified to the heavens” (so NRSV); NLT “cities with walls that reach to the sky.” This is hyperbole.