¹ tn Heb “rod,” i.e., a rod used for punishment.

¹ tn Grk “rod.” Context indicates that this rod will be used for disciplinary purposes.

¹ tn Heb “receive from them a rod, a rod from the house of a father.”

¹ tn Heb “a rod for one leader, a rod for one leader.”

¹ tn Heb “one rod for the head of their fathers’ house.”

¹ tn The Hebrew term שֵׁבֶט (shevet) can refer to a rod, such as a ṣhepherd’s rod, or a “scepter.”

³ tn Heb “a rod of back.” The noun גֵּוֹה functions as a genitive of specification: “a rod for his back.” The fool is punished because of what he says.

⁴ tn Grk “with the rod”; the word “measuring” is supplied from the description in v. 15.

⁴ tn Or “scepter.” The Greek term ῥάβδος (rhabdos) can mean either “rod” or “scepter.”

⁵ tn Or “scepter.” The Greek term ῥάβδος (rhabdos) can mean either “rod” or “scepter.”

³ tn Or “scepter.” The Greek term ῥάβδος (rhabdos) can mean either “rod” or “scepter.”

⁴ tn Or “staff”; KJV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT “rod”; CEV “stick”; NCV “club.”

² tc The LXX reads “he will crush the wicked rod without confusion or haste.”

¹ tn Or “rod” (KJV, ASV); NCV, CEV “walking stick”; NLT “shepherd’s staff.”

³ tn Heb “no rod of God.” The words “punishment from” have been supplied in the translation to make the metaphor understandable for the modern reader by stating the purpose of the rod.

⁴ sn In 9:34 Job was complaining that there was no umpire to remove God’s rod from him, but here he observes no such rod is on the wicked.

² tn According to some, the reference of this suffix would be to God. The arbiter would remove the rod of God from Job. But others take it as a separate sentence with God removing his rod.

¹ tn The word “rod” is a metonymy of cause, in which the instrument being used to discipline is mentioned in place of the process of disciplining someone. So the expression refers to the process of discipline that is designed to correct someone. Some understand the words “rod and reproof” to form a hendiadys, meaning “a correcting [or, reproving] rod” (cf. NAB, NIV “the rod of correction”).

³ sn The “rod” is a symbol of the power of God to decree whatever judgments and afflictions fall upon people.

³ tn The word “rod” is a metonymy of adjunct; it represents physical chastening for direction or punishment, to suppress folly and develop potential. The genitive (“discipline”) may be taken as an attributive genitive (“a chastening rod”) or an objective genitive, (“a rod [= punishment] that brings about correction/discipline”).