² tn The independent personal pronoun makes the subject of the verb emphatic: “and I will be silent.”

¹ tn The word “he” represents the Hebrew independent pronoun, which makes the subject emphatic.

² tn The Hebrew text adds the independent pronoun (“I”) to the verb form for emphasis.

³ tn Heb “but the counsel of the Lord, it will stand.” The construction draws attention to the “counsel of the Lord”; it is an independent nominative absolute, and the resumptive independent pronoun is the formal subject of the verb.

³ tn The “upright” is an independent nominative absolute; the pronoun becomes the formal (emphatic) subject of the verb.

¹ tn The demonstrative pronoun is used here as a nominative, to introduce an independent relative clause (see GKC 447 §138.h).

² tn The independent personal pronoun is emphatic, as if to say, “and I on my part will answer.”

¹ tc Many Hebrew mss have עַתָּה (ʿattah, “now”) rather than the similar sounding independent pronoun אַתָּה (ʾattah, “you”).

¹ tn Or “I will help you speak.” The independent pronoun puts emphasis (“as for me”) on the subject (“I”).

⁴ sn This is an allusion to the Maccabean revolt, which struggled to bring about Jewish independence in the second century b.c.

¹ tn The presence of the independent pronoun in the Hebrew text is intended to contrast their actions with those of their ancestors.

⁴ tn Heb “he is a fool.” The independent personal pronoun הוּא (huʾ, “he”) is used for emphasis. This is reflected in the translation as “certainly.”

⁴ tn The construct state (“days of”) governs the independent sentence that follows (see GKC 422 §130.d): “as the days of […] God used to watch over me.”

² tn The conjunction and the independent personal pronoun draw emphatic attention to the subject of the verb: “and I on my part will speak.”

² tn The addition of the independent pronoun here makes the subject emphatic, as if to say, “For it is he who makes….”

² tn The use of the independent personal pronoun is emphatic, almost as an enclitic to emphasize interrogatives: “who indeed….” (GKC 442 §136.c).

¹ tn The use of the independent personal pronoun here emphasizes the subject of the verb: “Have you not put up a hedge.”

¹ tn These words form the casus pendens, or independent nominative absolute, followed by the apodosis beginning with the vav (ו; see U. Cassuto, Exodus, 469).

¹ tn The expression uses the independent personal pronoun (“and I”) with the deictic particle (“behold”) to enforce the subject of the verb—“and I, indeed I have given.”

¹ tn The addition of the independent pronoun אֲנִי (ʾani, “I”) emphasizes the fact that it was Yahweh himself who heard the cry.