³ tn Heb “might hold firmly.”

² tn Or “be firm, established.”

³ tn Grk “fall from your firmness.”

⁸ tn Heb “Make [your] strength exceedingly firm.”

¹ tn BDAG 276 s.v. ἑδραῖος suggests “firm, steadfast.”

¹ tn Or “because you stand firm in the faith.”

¹ tn Heb “stand up”; NAB “stand firm”; NASB “will arise.”

¹ tn Heb “with whom my hand will be firm.”

¹ tn Heb “and their heart was not firm with him.”

⁴ tn Heb “and by causing Jerusalem to stand firm.”

³ tn Heb “you make firm their heart, you cause your ear to listen.”

¹ tn Heb “a generation that did not make firm its heart and whose spirit was not faithful with God.” The expression “make firm the heart” means “to be committed, devoted” (see 1 Sam 7:3).

¹ tn Heb “they are firm, his ways, at every time.” The verb חַיִל (khayil, “be firm, be strong”) occurs only here and in Job 20:21, where it has the sense “endure.”

³ tn The form נְכוֹנָה (n^ekhonah) is from כּוּן (kun, “to be firm; to be fixed; to be established”). Here it means “the right thing” or “truth.” The Akkadian cognate kīnu means “true, just, honest, firm” (CAD K: 389).

³ tn The form is an imperative with a vav (ו). It could also be rendered “stand firm and you will see” meaning the result, or “stand firm that you may see” meaning the purpose.

² tn The force of this verb in the Hitpael is “to station oneself” or “stand firm” without fleeing.

² tn The use of אָמַן (ʾaman) in the Hiphil in this place is unique. Such a form would normally mean “to believe.” But its basic etymological meaning comes through here. The verb means “to be firm; to be reliable; to be dependable.” The causative here would mean “to make firm” or “to stand firm.”

⁵ tn Grk “he set his face,” a Semitic idiom that speaks of a firm, unshakable resolve to do something (Gen 31:21; Isa 50:7).

³ tn The verbs translated “I will sacrifice” and “I will pay” are Hebrew cohortatives, expressing Jonah’s resolve and firm intention.

³ tn Heb “surely, all vapor [is] all mankind, standing firm.” Another option is to translate, “Surely, all mankind, though seemingly secure, is nothing but a vapor.”