¹ tn Heb “heads”; ASV “chiefs.”

² tn Grk “Mocking him, the chief priests…said among themselves.”

⁴ tn Grk “Mocking him, the chief priests…said.”

² tn Or “the chief jailer” (also in the following verses).

¹ tn Heb “priest for David.” KJV (“a chief ruler about David”) and ASV (“chief minister unto David”) regarded this office as political.

² tn That is, the “guards of the chief priests” as distinguished from the household slaves of Annas.

¹ tn Or “The common people” (as opposed to the religious authorities like the chief priests and Pharisees).

³ tn Only “chief priests” is in the nominative case; this sentence structure attempts to capture this emphasis.

³ tn Heb “he”; the referent (the chief adviser) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

² tn Heb “every chief of his house”; KJV “all the officers of his house”; NLT “his staff.”

² tn Heb “for the head/chief of the nations.” See BDB 911 s.v. רֹאשׁ 3.c, and compare usage in Ps 18:44 referring to David as the “chief” or “foremost ruler” of the nations.

² sn Zeus was the chief Greek deity, worshiped throughout the Greco-Roman world (known to the Romans as Jupiter).

¹ tn Or “among the common people” (as opposed to the religious authorities like the chief priests and Pharisees).

² sn The guards would have been the guards of the chief priests who had accompanied Judas to arrest Jesus.

³ tn Or “from the chief priests, scribes.” See the note on the phrase “experts in the law” in 1:22.

⁴ tn Or “the chief priests, the scribes.” See the note on the phrase “experts in the law” in 1:22.

¹ tn Or “chief priests and scribes.” See the note on the phrase “experts in the law” in 1:22.

² sn The guards would have been the guards of the chief priests who had accompanied Judas to arrest Jesus.

⁴ tn The word suggests “the ones lifted up” above others, and therefore the rulers or the chiefs of the people.

¹ tn Or “the Jewish chief priests.” Nowhere else in the Fourth Gospel are the two expressions οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς τῶν ᾿Ιουδαίων (hoi archiereis tōn Ioudaiōn) combined. Earlier in 19:15 the chief priests were simply referred to as οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς. It seems likely that this is another example of Johannine irony, to be seen in contrast to the inscription on the cross which read ὁ βασιλεὺς τῶν ᾿Ιουδαίων (ho basileus tōn Ioudaiōn). For this reason the phrase has been translated “the chief priests of the Jews” (which preserves in the translation the connection with “King of the Jews”) rather than “the Jewish chief priests.”