¹ tn Heb “When your people go out for battle against their enemies in the way which you send them.”

¹ tn “Sheol,” personified here as David’s enemy, is the underworld, place of the dead in primitive Hebrew cosmology.

² sn The expression robbers who plundered them is a derogatory reference to the enemy nations, as the next line indicates.

¹ tn Heb “But [as for] you, don’t stand still, chase after your enemies and attack them from the rear.”

¹ tn Heb “they turn [the] back before their enemies because they are set apart [to destruction by the Lord].”

¹ sn The expression must indicate that they could destroy the enemies as easily as they could eat bread.

¹ tn The line reads “you will cease to forsake him”—refrain from leaving your enemy without help.

³ tn These words are not in the text but are supplied in the translation for clarity. Some commentaries and English versions see these not as the words of the enemy but as those of the Israelites expressing their fear that the enemy will launch a night attack against them and further destroy them. The connection with the next verse, however, fits better with them if they are the words of the enemy.

¹ tn Heb “and the riders on horses will be put to shame,” figurative for the defeat of mounted troops. The word “enemy” in the translation is supplied from context.

² sn The great deep, which is to be equated with the sea (vv. 8, 15), is a symbol of chaos and represents the Lord’s enemies.

⁶ sn Because of the enemy invasion, Achzib would not be able to deliver soldiers for the army and/or services normally rendered to the crown.

⁶ sn The rhetorical question implies a denial: “No one can heal you!” The following verses, 14-17, present four potential healers—prophets, passersby, enemies, and God.

³ sn Chapter 2 continues the use of feminine epithets (e.g., “Daughter Zion”) despite initially portraying Jerusalem as an object destroyed by the angered enemy, God.

² tn The words “The Lord” are not in the text. Some commentators make the enemy the subject, but they are spoken of as “them.”

³ sn On the phrase the enemy that is coming from the north see Jer 1:14-15; 4:6; 6:1, 22; 10:22.

³ tn Heb “and your righteousness like the waves of the sea.” צְדָקָה (ts^edaqah) probably refers here to divine deliverance from enemies. See v. 19.

³ sn The imagery of this verse, which depicts the Lord bringing a curse of infertility to the earth, metaphorically describes how the Lord will destroy his enemies.

¹ tn Heb “he,” i.e., the enemy invader. NASB, by its capitalization of the pronoun, takes this to refer to the Lord.

² sn According to Judg 7:25, the Ephraimites executed the Midianite general Oreb at a rock which was subsequently named after the executed enemy.

² tn Heb “my rocky summit.” The Lord is compared to a rocky summit where one can find protection from enemies. See Ps 18:2.