¹ sn In this context Hide your face from my sins means “Do not hold me accountable for my sins.”

¹ tn Heb “walked in all the way of Jeroboam son of Nebat and in his sin which he made Israel sin.”

² tn Heb “walking in the way of Jeroboam and in his sin which he did to make Israel sin.”

² tn Heb “and he walked in the way of Jeroboam and in his sin which he made Israel sin.”

² tn Heb “and he walked in the way of his father and in his sin which he made Israel sin.”

² tn Heb “and they made him jealous more than all which their fathers had done by their sins which they sinned.”

¹ tn Heb “your sin.” This is a metonymy in which the effect (sin) stands for the cause (the metal calf).

³ tn Heb “and he shall offer on his sin which he sinned, a bull, a son of the herd, flawless.”

¹ tn As before, the cognate accusative is used; it would literally be “this people has sinned a great sin.”

¹ tn The phrase יוֹסִפוּ לַחֲטֹא (yosifu lakhatoʾ, “they add to sin”) is an idiom meaning either (1) “they sin more and more,” or (2) “they continue to sin” (see BDB 415 s.v. יָסַף 2.a; HALOT 418 s.v. יסף 3.b). The English versions are divided: (1) “they sin more and more” (KJV, RSV, NASB, NIV), and (2) “they go on sinning” (NJPS), “they continue to sin” (NAB), and “they (+ “still” in TEV and NCV) keep on sinning” (NRSV, NLT).

¹ tn Heb “the fruit of my body for the sin of my soul.” The Hebrew term נֶפֶשׁ (nefesh) is often translated “soul,” but the word usually refers to the whole person; here “the sin of my soul” = “my sin.”

¹ sn The verse is making an implied comparison (a figure of speech known as hypocatastasis) between sowing and sinning. One who sins is like one who sows, for there will be a “harvest” or a return on the sin—trouble.

² tn Or perhaps “the unintentional sins of the people”; Grk “the ignorances of the people.” Cf. BDAG 13 s.v. ἀγνόημα, “sin committed in ignorance/unintentionally.” This term seems to be simply a synonym for “sins” (cf. Heb 5:2) and does not pick up the distinction made in Num 15:22-31 between unwitting sin and “high-handed” sin. The Day of Atonement ritual in Lev 16 covered all the sins of the people, not just the unwitting ones.

² tn That is, a cause for sinning. An alternate translation is “who instructed Balak to cause the people of Israel to sin by eating food sacrificed to idols…”

² tn Many translations supply an understood repetition of the word “sins” here, thus: “but also for the sins of the whole world.”

³ tn Grk “and unceasing from sin.” Some translate this “insatiable for sin,” but such a translation is based on a textual variant with inadequate support.

¹ tn Or “does Christ serve the interests of sin?”; or “is Christ an agent for sin?” See BDAG 230-31 s.v. διάκονος 2.

¹ sn For a longer example of an individual identifying with the nation and confessing their sins and the sins of their forefathers, see Ps 106.

³ sn God’s patience with sinful Israel has caused them to think that they can sin with impunity and suffer no consequences.

² tn Heb “the wrongdoing of my sin.” By joining synonyms for “sin” in this way, the psalmist may be emphasizing the degree of his wrongdoing.