⁵ sn Perhaps the servant here speaks to his enemies and warns them that they will self-destruct.

¹ tn Heb “they”; the referent (the enemies of the people of God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

¹ sn Psalm 142. The psalmist laments his persecuted state and asks the Lord to deliver him from his enemies.

¹ sn Psalm 129. Israel affirms God’s justice and asks him to destroy the enemies of Zion.

¹ tn This probably alludes to a sneak attack by enemies in the darkness of night (see Song 3:8).

¹ tn Heb “[by] which your enemies, O Lord, taunt, [by] which they taunt [at] the heels of your anointed one.”

¹ tn Heb “an enemy will not exact tribute.” The imperfect is understood in a modal sense, indicating capability or potential.

¹ sn Psalm 86. The psalmist appeals to God’s mercy as he asks for deliverance from his enemies.

¹ sn Psalm 69. The psalmist laments his oppressed condition and asks the Lord to deliver him by severely judging his enemies.

¹ sn Psalm 59. The psalmist calls down judgment on his foreign enemies, whom he compares to ravenous wild dogs.

² sn Go down alive. This curse imagines a swift and sudden death for the psalmist’s enemies.

¹ sn Psalm 52. The psalmist confidently confronts his enemy and affirms that God will destroy evildoers and vindicate the godly.

⁴ tn Heb “do not give him over to the desire of his enemies” (see Ps 27:12).

² tn Heb “Aha! Our desire!” The “desire” of the psalmist’s enemies is to triumph over him.

¹ tn “They” refers to the psalmist’s enemies, who in the previous verse are described as “powerful bulls.”

² sn Trust in the Lord. The psalmist urges his enemies to make peace with God and become his followers.

¹ sn The psalmist warns his enemies that they need to tremble with fear before God and repudiate their sinful ways.

¹ sn Of course, he means like his enemy when he is judged, not when he is thriving in prosperity and luxury.

¹ tn A number of modern translations regard this as a collective singular and translate “from enemies” (also in v. 31).

¹ tn Heb “When your people go out for battle against their enemies in the way which you send them.”