³ tn Heb “a he-goat of goats, a male without defect”; cf. NLT “with no physical defects.”

¹ tn Heb “a male or female without defect he shall present it”; cf. NLT “must have no physical defects.”

¹ tn The line reads “you will cease to forsake him”—refrain from leaving your enemy without help.

³ tn Heb “mouth of the sword.” It means as the sword devours—without quarter (S. R. Driver, Exodus, 159).

² tn The force of this verb in the Hitpael is “to station oneself” or “stand firm” without fleeing.

⁴ tn The Hebrew verb means “to stay, to live, to sojourn” as a temporary resident without ownership rights.

⁴ sn The expression without attaining wisdom is parallel to the previous without anyone regarding it. Both verses describe how easily humans perish: there is no concern for it, nor any sense to it. Humans die without attaining wisdom which can solve the mystery of human life.

³ tn The construction in Greek is a double accusative object-complement. “You” is the object and “without blemish” is the adjectival complement.

³ tn The prepositional phrase with the relative pronoun, ἀφ᾿ ἧς (aph’ |ēs), is used adverbially or conjunctively without antecedent (see BDAG 727 s.v. ὅς 1.k.).

² tn Grk “he was offering up.” The tense of this verb indicates the attempt or readiness to sacrifice Isaac without the actual completion of the deed.

¹ sn The Greek text reinforces this by negating the opposite (“not even the first covenant was inaugurated without blood”), but this double negation is not used in contemporary English.

³ sn Paul uses a common ancient posture in prayer (lifting up holy hands) as a figure of speech for offering requests from a holy life (without anger or dispute).

² tn Grk “and walking in accordance with man,” i.e., living like (fallen) humanity without the Spirit’s influence; hence, “unregenerate people.”

¹ tn Grk “natural person.” Cf. BDAG 1100 s.v. ψυχικός a, “an unspiritual pers., one who merely functions bodily, without being touched by the Spirit of God.”

¹ sn Without clearly indicating the charges against him. Again the point is made by Festus himself that there is difficulty even in articulating a charge against Paul.

⁴ tn BDAG 965 s.v. συναντάω 2 has τὰ ἐν αὐτῇ συναντήσοντα ἐμοὶ μὴ εἰδώς without knowing what will happen to me there Ac 20:22.”

³ tn Grk “brothers,” but “your” is supplied to specify the relationship, since without it “brothers” could be understood as vocative in English.

² sn In the same way as they are. Here is an interesting reversal of the argument. Jews are saved by grace (without law), as Gentiles are.

² tn Grk “Do not delay to come to us.” It is somewhat smoother to say in English, “Come to us without delay.”

⁴ sn The description of the woman as a widow would mean that she was now socially alone and without protection in 1st century Jewish culture.