¹ tn Heb “I will go out in the midst of Egypt.”

³ sn The name Abel Mizraim means “the mourning of Egypt.”

¹ sn Mizraim is the Hebrew name for Egypt (cf. NRSV).

⁶ sn The Naphtuhites lived in Lower Egypt (the Nile Delta region).

² sn The descendants of Mizraim settled in Upper and Lower Egypt.

¹ tn Heb “Sin” (so KJV, NASB), a city commonly identified with Pelusium, a fortress on Egypt’s northeastern frontier.

⁶ tn Heb “from Egypt, nations.” The parallel text in 2 Sam 7:23 reads “from Egypt, nations and its gods.”

¹ tn Traditionally “the Brook of Egypt,” although a number of recent translations have “the Wadi of Egypt” (cf. NAB, NIV, NRSV).

² tn The חַרְטֻמִּים (khartummim) seem to have been the keepers of Egypt’s religious and magical texts, the sacred scribes.

³ sn The river of Egypt is a wadi (a seasonal stream) on the northeastern border of Egypt, not the River Nile.

¹ tn Traditionally “the Brook of Egypt,” although a number of recent translations have “the Wadi of Egypt” (cf. NAB, NIV, NRSV). The word “Egypt” is not in the Hebrew text but is implied.

² tn Or “[Ever since you came] out of Egypt”; cf. CEV “just as I have been since the time you were in Egypt.”

³ tn Heb “this [will] be for scorn in the land of Egypt”; cf. NIV “they will be ridiculed (NAB “shall be mocked”) in the land of Egypt.”

¹ tn Heb “inhabitants of daughter Egypt.” Like the phrase “daughter Zion,” “daughter Egypt” is a poetic personification of the land, here perhaps to stress the idea of defenselessness.

² tn Heb “snare” (מוֹקֵשׁ, moqesh), a word used for a trap for catching birds. Here it is a figure for the cause of Egypt’s destruction.

¹ sn Do not go down to Egypt. The words echo Gen 12:10, which reports that “Abram went down to Egypt,” but state the opposite.

² sn Cyrene was a city on the northern African coast west of Egypt.

¹ tn Or simply “of Egypt.” The phrase “the land of” could be omitted as unnecessary or redundant.

² tn Or simply “in Egypt.” The phrase “the land of” could be omitted as unnecessary or redundant.

² tn Heb “scepter,” referring by metonymy to the dominating rule of Egypt (cf. NLT).