1 sn This explanatory note links the earlier name Ephrath with the later name Bethlehem.
map For location see Map5 B1; Map7 E2; Map8 E2; Map10 B4.
2 sn The location of Migdal Eder is not given. It appears to be somewhere between Bethlehem and Hebron. Various traditions have identified it as at the shepherds’ fields near Bethlehem (the Hebrew name Migdal Eder means “tower of the flock”; see Mic 4:8) or located it near Solomon’s pools.