Discovery BoxRomans 9:11 
Context9:11 even before they were born or had done anything good or bad (so that God’s purpose in election 1 would stand, not by works but by 2 his calling) 3 –
Romans 9:18
Context9:18 So then, 4 God 5 has mercy on whom he chooses to have mercy, and he hardens whom he chooses to harden. 6
1 tn Grk “God’s purpose according to election.”
2 tn Or “not based on works but based on…”
3 tn Grk “by the one who calls.”
sn The entire clause is something of a parenthetical remark.
4 sn There is a double connective here that cannot be easily preserved in English: “consequently therefore,” emphasizing the conclusion of what he has been arguing.
5 tn Grk “he”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
6 tn Grk “So then, he has mercy on whom he desires, and he hardens whom he desires.”
