¹ tc The “therefore” (οὖν, oun) is not found in א 2053 2329 2351 Ï^A or the Latin mss. It is, however, included in impressive witnesses such as {A C 046 1006 1611 sy^p,h co}. Though the conjunction looks at first glance like a scribal clarification, its omission may be explained on the basis of its similarity to the last three letters of the verb “repent” (μετανόησον, metanohson; since οὖν is a postpositive conjunction in Greek, the final three letters of the verb [-σον, -son] would have been immediately followed by ουν). A scribe could have simply passed over the conjunction in his copy when he saw the last three letters of the imperative verb. A decision is difficult, however, because of the motivation to add to the text and the quality of witnesses that lack the conjunction.

² tn Grk “with them”; the referent (those people who follow the teaching of Balaam and the Nicolaitans) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

³ tn Grk “onto a bed,” in this context an idiom for severe illness (L&N 23.152).

⁴ tn Or “into great distress.” The suffering here is not specified as physical or emotional, and could involve persecution.

⁵ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

⁶ tn Grk “voice, saying”; the participle λέγοντες (legontes) is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated here.

⁷ tn The expression ἕως πότε (ews pote) was translated “how long.” Cf. BDAG 423 s.v. ἕως 1.b.γ.

⁸ tn The Greek term here is δεσπότης (despoths; see L&N 37.63).

⁹ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

¹⁰ tn Grk “men”; but ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") is used in a generic sense here of both men and women.

¹¹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.

¹² tn The phrase “not be able to” was used in the translation to emphasize the strong negation (οὐ μή, ou mh) in the Greek text.

¹³ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the permission granted to the beast.

¹⁴ tn Grk “he” (or “it”); the referent (the beast) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

¹⁵ tc The reading “and his dwelling place” does not occur in codex C, but its omission is probably due to scribal oversight since the phrase has the same ending as the phrase before it, i.e., they both end in “his” (αὐτοῦ, autou). This is similar to the mistake this scribe made in 12:14 with the omission of the reading “and half a time” (καὶ ἥμισυ καιροῦ, kai {hmisu kairou).

¹⁶ tn Grk “Here is.”

¹⁷ tn Or “the perseverance.”

¹⁸ tn Grk “who keep.”

¹⁹ tn The words “hold to” are implied as a repetition of the participle translated “keep” (οἱ τηροῦντες, Joi throunte").

²⁰ tn Grk “faith of Jesus.” The construction may mean either “faith in Jesus” or “faithful to Jesus.” Either translation implies that ᾿Ιησοῦ (Ihsou) is to be taken as an objective genitive; the difference is more lexical than grammatical because πίστις (pistis) can mean either “faith” or “faithfulness.”

²¹ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

²² tn The shift in pronouns from second to third person corresponds to the Greek text.

²³ tn Grk “and of all.” The phrase “along with the blood” has been repeated from the previous clause for stylistic reasons.

²⁴ tn Grk “so that there will be to them authority over the tree of life.”