¹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the angel’s invitation to witness the fate of the prostitute.

² tn Or “in the spirit.” “Spirit” could refer either to the Holy Spirit or the human spirit, but in either case John was in “a state of spiritual exaltation best described as a trance” (R. H. Mounce, Revelation [NICNT], 75).

³ tn Or “desert.”

⁴ tn The word “there” is not in the Greek text, but is supplied for stylistic reasons.

⁵ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.

⁶ tn Grk “I will tell you,” but since what follows is the angel’s interpretation of the vision, “interpret for you” is the preferred translation here.

⁷ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

⁸ tn A new sentence was started here in the translation. Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

⁹ tn The final clause could also be turned into an adverbial clause of means: “They will consume her flesh by burning her with fire.”

¹⁰ tn Grk “is about to throw some of you,” but the force is causative in context.

¹¹ tn Or “tempted.”

¹² tn Or “experience persecution,” “will be in distress” (see L&N 22.2).

¹³ tn Grk “crown of life,” with the genitive “of life” (τῆς ζωῆς, th" zwh") functioning in apposition to “crown” (στέφανον, stefanon): “the crown that consists of life.”