Discovery BoxPsalms 83:3-9 
Context83:3 They carefully plot 1 against your people,
and make plans to harm 2 the ones you cherish. 3
83:4 They say, “Come on, let’s annihilate them so they are no longer a nation! 4
Then the name of Israel will be remembered no more.”
83:5 Yes, 5 they devise a unified strategy; 6
they form an alliance 7 against you.
83:6 It includes 8 the tents of Edom and the Ishmaelites,
Moab and the Hagrites, 9
83:7 Gebal, 10 Ammon, and Amalek,
Philistia and the inhabitants of Tyre. 11
83:8 Even Assyria has allied with them,
lending its strength to the descendants of Lot. 12 (Selah)
83:9 Do to them as you did to Midian 13 –
as you did to Sisera and Jabin at the Kishon River! 14
1 tn Heb “they make crafty a plot.”
2 tn Heb “and consult together against.”
3 tn The passive participle of the Hebrew verb צָפַן (tsafan, “to hide”) is used here in the sense of “treasured; cherished.”
4 tn Heb “we will cause them to disappear from [being] a nation.”
5 tn Or “for.”
6 tn Heb “they consult [with] a heart together.”
7 tn Heb “cut a covenant.”
8 tn The words “it includes” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.
9 sn The Hagrites are also mentioned in 1 Chr 5:10, 19-20.
10 sn Some identify Gebal with the Phoenician coastal city of Byblos (see Ezek 27:9, where the name is spelled differently), though others locate this site south of the Dead Sea (see BDB 148 s.v. גְּבַל; HALOT 174 s.v. גְּבַל).
11 map For location see Map1 A2; Map2 G2; Map4 A1; JP3 F3; JP4 F3.
12 tn Heb “they are an arm for the sons of Lot.” The “arm” is here a symbol of military might.
sn The descendants of Lot were the Moabites and Ammonites.
13 tn Heb “do to them like Midian.”
14 sn The psalmist alludes here to Gideon’s victory over the Midianites (see Judg 7-8) and to Barak’s victory over Jabin’s army, which was led by his general Sisera (Judg 4-5).
