1 sn He. This must refer to the psalmist’s former friend, who was addressed previously in vv. 12-14.
2 tn Heb “stretches out his hand against.”
3 tc The form should probably be emended to an active participle (שֹׁלְמָיו, sholÿmayv) from the verbal root שָׁלַם (shalam, “be in a covenant of peace with”). Perhaps the translation “his friends” suggests too intimate a relationship. Another option is to translate, “he attacks those who made agreements with him.”
4 tn Heb “he violates his covenant.”
5 tn Heb “and he lifted his hand to [or “concerning”] them.” The idiom “to lift a hand” here refers to swearing an oath. One would sometimes solemnly lift one’s hand when making such a vow (see Ezek 20:5-6, 15).
6 tn Heb “to cause them to fall.”
