¹ tn Heb “there they are afraid [with] fear.” The perfect verbal form is probably used in a rhetorical manner; the psalmist describes the future demise of the oppressors as if it were already occurring. The adverb שָׁם (sham, “there”) is also used here for dramatic effect, as the psalmist envisions the wicked standing in fear at a spot that is this vivid in his imagination (BDB 1027 s.v.). The cognate accusative following the verb emphasizes the degree of their terror.

² tn Heb “for God is with a godly generation.” The Hebrew noun דּוֹר (dor, “generation”) refers here to the general class of people who are characterized by godliness. See BDB 190 s.v. for other examples where “generation” refers to a class of people.

³ tn Heb “and they returned and tested God.” The Hebrew verb שׁוּב (shuv, “to return”) is used here in an adverbial sense to indicate that an earlier action was repeated.

⁴ tn Or “wounded, hurt.” The verb occurs only here in the OT.

⁵ sn The basic sense of the word “holy” is “set apart from that which is commonplace, special, unique.” The Lord’s holiness is first and foremost his transcendent sovereignty as the ruler of the world. He is “set apart” from the world over which he rules. At the same time his holiness encompasses his moral authority, which derives from his royal position. As king he has the right to dictate to his subjects how they are to live; indeed his very own character sets the standard for proper behavior. This expression is a common title for the Lord in the book of Isaiah.

⁶ tn Heb “in all the earth [are] his judgments.”

⁷ sn They had an insatiable craving. This is described in Num 11:4-35.

⁸ tn Heb “they craved [with] a craving.”

⁹ tn Heb “they tested God.”

¹⁰ tn Heb “the one who makes high to sit.”

¹¹ tn Heb “I will seek good for you.” The psalmist will seek Jerusalem’s “good” through prayer.

¹² tn Heb “stand.”

¹³ tn Heb “sing to the Lord with thanksgiving.”