Discovery BoxNumbers 2:2 
Context2:2 “Every one 1 of the Israelites must camp 2 under his standard with the emblems of his family; 3 they must camp at some distance 4 around the tent of meeting. 5
Numbers 2:10
Context2:10 “On the south will be the divisions of the camp of Reuben under their standard. 6 The leader of the people of Reuben is Elizur son of Shedeur.
Numbers 2:18
Context2:18 “On the west will be the divisions of the camp of Ephraim under their standard. The leader of the people of Ephraim is Elishama son of Amihud.
Numbers 2:25
Context2:25 “On the north will be the divisions of the camp of Dan, under their standards. The leader of the people of Dan is Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai.
Numbers 4:33
Context4:33 This is the service of the families of the Merarites, their entire service concerning the tent of meeting, under the authority of Ithamar son of Aaron the priest.”
Numbers 5:29
Context5:29 “‘This is the law for cases of jealousy, 7 when a wife, while under her husband’s authority, goes astray and defiles herself,
Numbers 7:8
Context7:8 and he gave four carts and eight oxen to the Merarites, as their service required, under the authority 8 of Ithamar son of Aaron the priest.
Numbers 22:27
Context22:27 When the donkey saw the angel of the Lord, she crouched down under Balaam. Then Balaam was angry, and he beat his donkey with a staff.
Numbers 30:3
Context30:3 “If a young 9 woman who is still living 10 in her father’s house makes a vow to the Lord or places herself under an obligation,
Numbers 30:6
Context30:6 “And if she marries a husband while under a vow, 11 or she uttered 12 anything impulsively by which she has pledged herself,
Numbers 31:49
Context31:49 and said to him, 13 “Your servants have taken a count 14 of the men who were in the battle, who were under our authority, 15 and not one is missing.
Numbers 33:1
Context33:1 16 These are the journeys of the Israelites, who went out of the land of Egypt by their divisions under the authority 17 of Moses and Aaron.
1 tn Heb “a man by his own standard.”
2 tn The imperfect tense is to be taken in the nuance of instruction.
3 tn Heb “of/for the house of their fathers.”
4 tn The Hebrew expression מִנֶּגֶד (minneged) means “from before” or “opposite; facing” and “at some distance” or “away from the front of” (see BDB 617 s.v. נֶגֶד 2.c.a; DCH 5:603-4 s.v. 3.b).
5 sn The Israelites were camping as a military camp, each tribe with the standards and emblems of the family. The standard was the symbol fastened to the end of a pole and carried to battle. It served to rally the tribe to the battle. The Bible nowhere describes these, although the serpent emblem of Numbers 21:8-9 may give a clue. But they probably did not have shapes of animals in view of the prohibition in the Decalogue. The standards may have been smaller for the families than the ones for the tribes. See further K. A. Kitchen, “Some Egyptian Background to the Old Testament,” TynBul 5 (1960): 11; and T. W. Mann, Divine Presence and Guidance in Israelite Tradition, 169-73.
6 tn Here and throughout the line is literally “[under] the standard of the camp of Reuben…according to their divisions.”
7 tn Heb “law of jealousies.”
8 tn Heb “hand.”
9 tn The qualification comes at the end of the verse, and simply says “in her youth.”
10 tn The Hebrew text just has “in her father’s house” and not “who is still living,” but that is the meaning of the line.
11 tn Heb “and her vows are upon her.” It may be that the woman gets married while her vows are still unfulfilled.
12 tn The Hebrew text indicates that this would be some impetuous vow that she uttered with her lips, a vow that her husband, whether new or existing, would not approve of. Several translate it “a binding obligation rashly uttered.”
13 tn Heb “to Moses”; the proper name has been replaced by the pronoun (“him”) in the translation for stylistic reasons.
14 tn Heb “lifted up the head.”
15 tn Heb “in our hand.”
16 sn This material can be arranged into four sections: from Egypt to Sinai (vv. 1-15), the wilderness wanderings (vv. 16-36), from Kadesh to Moab (vv. 37-49), and final orders for Canaan (vv. 50-56).
17 tn Heb “hand.”
