Discovery BoxMatthew 20:11 
Context20:11 When 1 they received it, they began to complain 2 against the landowner,
Matthew 20:1
Context20:1 “For the kingdom of heaven is like a landowner 3 who went out early in the morning to hire workers for his vineyard.
Matthew 20:13
Context20:13 And the landowner 4 replied to one of them, 5 ‘Friend, I am not treating you unfairly. Didn’t you agree with me to work for the standard wage? 6
Matthew 21:33
Context21:33 “Listen to another parable: There was a landowner 7 who planted a vineyard. 8 He put a fence around it, dug a pit for its winepress, and built a watchtower. Then 9 he leased it to tenant farmers 10 and went on a journey.
1 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
2 tn The imperfect verb ἐγόγγυζον (egonguzon) has been translated ingressively.
3 sn The term landowner here refers to the owner and manager of a household.
4 tn Grk “he”; the referent (the landowner) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
5 tn Grk “And answering, he said to one of them.” This construction is somewhat redundant in contemporary English and has been simplified in the translation.
6 tn Grk “for a denarius a day.”
7 tn The term here refers to the owner and manager of a household.
8 sn The vineyard is a figure for Israel in the OT (Isa 5:1-7). The nation and its leaders are the tenants, so the vineyard here may well refer to the promise that resides within the nation. The imagery is like that in Rom 11:11-24.
9 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.
10 sn The leasing of land to tenant farmers was common in this period.
