Discovery BoxMatthew 10:17 
Context10:17 Beware 1 of people, because they will hand you over to councils 2 and flog 3 you in their synagogues. 4
Matthew 14:20
Context14:20 They all ate and were satisfied, and they picked up the broken pieces left over, twelve baskets full.
Matthew 15:37
Context15:37 They 5 all ate and were satisfied, and they picked up the broken pieces left over, seven baskets full.
Matthew 27:26
Context27:26 Then he released Barabbas for them. But after he had Jesus flogged, 6 he handed him over 7 to be crucified. 8
1 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
2 sn Councils in this context refers to local judicial bodies attached to the Jewish synagogue. This group would be responsible for meting out justice and discipline within the Jewish community.
3 tn BDAG 620 s.v. μαστιγόω 1.a states, “of flogging as a punishment decreed by the synagogue (Dt 25:2f; s. the Mishna Tractate Sanhedrin-Makkoth, edited w. notes by SKrauss ’33) w. acc. of pers. Mt 10:17; 23:34.”
4 sn See the note on synagogues in 4:23.
5 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated.
6 tn The Greek term φραγελλόω (fragellow) refers to flogging. BDAG 1064 s.v. states, “flog, scourge, a punishment inflicted on slaves and provincials after a sentence of death had been pronounced on them. So in the case of Jesus before the crucifixion…Mt 27:26; Mk 15:15.”
sn A Roman flogging (traditionally, “scourging”) was an excruciating punishment. The victim was stripped of his clothes and bound to a post with his hands fastened above him (or sometimes he was thrown to the ground). Guards standing on either side of the victim would incessantly beat him with a whip (flagellum) made out of leather with pieces of lead and bone inserted into its ends. While the Jews only allowed 39 lashes, the Romans had no such limit; many people who received such a beating died as a result. See C. Schneider, TDNT, 515-19.
7 tn Or “delivered him up.”
