Matthew 1:16
Context1:16 and Jacob the father of Joseph, the husband of Mary, by whom 1 Jesus was born, who is called Christ. 2
Matthew 1:25
Context1:25 but did not have marital relations 3 with her until she gave birth to a son, whom he named 4 Jesus.
Matthew 19:11
Context19:11 He 5 said to them, “Not everyone can accept this statement, except those to whom it has been given.
Matthew 27:32
Context27:32 As 6 they were going out, they found a man from Cyrene named Simon, whom they forced 7 to carry his cross. 8
1 tc There are three significant variant readings at this point in the text. Some
sn The pronoun whom is feminine gender in the Greek text, referring to Mary.
2 tn Or “Messiah”; both “Christ” (Greek) and “Messiah” (Hebrew and Aramaic) mean “one who has been anointed.”
sn The term χριστός (cristos) was originally an adjective (“anointed”), developing in LXX into a substantive (“an anointed one”), then developing still further into a technical generic term (“the anointed one”). In the intertestamental period it developed further into a technical term referring to the hoped-for anointed one, that is, a specific individual. In the NT the development starts there (technical-specific), is so used in the gospels, and then develops in Paul to mean virtually Jesus’ last name.
3 tn Or “did not have sexual relations”; Grk “was not knowing her.” The verb “know” (in both Hebrew and Greek) is a frequent biblical euphemism for sexual relations. However, a translation like “did not have sexual relations with her” is too graphic in light of the popularity and wide use of Matthew’s infancy narrative. Thus the somewhat more subdued but still clear “did not have marital relations” was selected.
4 tn Grk “and he called his name Jesus.” The coordinate clause has been translated as a relative clause in English for stylistic reasons.
5 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
6 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
7 tn Or “conscripted”; or “pressed into service.”
8 sn Jesus was beaten severely with a whip before this (the prelude to crucifixion, known to the Romans as verberatio, mentioned in Matt 27:26; Mark 15:15; John 19:1), so he would have been weak from trauma and loss of blood. Apparently he was unable to bear the cross himself, so Simon was conscripted to help (in all probability this was only the crossbeam, called in Latin the patibulum, since the upright beam usually remained in the ground at the place of execution). Cyrene was located in North Africa where Tripoli is today. Nothing more is known about this Simon. Mark 15:21 names him as father of two people apparently known to Mark’s audience.