¹ sn Herod refers here to Herod Antipas. See the note on Herod Antipas in 3:1.

² sn See the note on tetrarch in 3:1.

³ tc Several mss (A C K W Ψ 33 565 579 1424 2542 al bo) read τῆς γυναικὸς Φιλίππου τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ (th" gunaiko" Filippou tou adelfou autou, “the wife of his brother Philip”), specifying whose wife Herodias was. The addition of “Philip,” however, is an assimilation to Matt 14:3 and is lacking in the better witnesses.

sn This marriage to his brother’s wife was a violation of OT law (Lev 18:16; 20:21). In addition, both Herod Antipas and Herodias had each left previous marriages to enter into this union.

⁴ tn Or “immoralities.”

⁵ tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.

⁶ sn A speck (also twice in v. 42) refers to a small piece of wood, chaff, or straw (L&N 3.66).

⁷ tn Or “do not notice.”

⁸ sn The beam of wood (also twice in v. 42) refers to a big piece of wood, the main beam of a building, in contrast to the speck in the other’s eye (L&N 7.78).

⁹ tn Grk “answering, he said.” This is redundant in contemporary English and has been simplified to “he replied.”

¹⁰ tn There is some discussion about the grammar of this verse in Greek. If “these” is the subject, then it reads, “These are my mother and brothers, those who.” If “these” is a nominative absolute, which is slightly more likely, then the verse more literally reads, “So my mother and brothers, they are those who.” The sense in either case is the same.

¹¹ sn Hearing and doing the word of God is another important NT theme: Luke 6:47-49; Jas 1:22-25.

¹² sn To confess Christ might well mean rejection by one’s own family, even by parents.

¹³ tn Grk “and brothers and relatives,” but καί (kai) has not been translated twice here since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.

¹⁴ sn Here and in the remainder of the verse the second person pronouns are singular, so only Peter is in view. The name “Simon” has been supplied as a form of direct address to make this clear in English.

¹⁵ sn That your faith may not fail. Note that Peter’s denials are pictured here as lapses, not as a total absence of faith.

¹⁶ tn Grk “And when.” Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

¹⁷ tn Or “turned around.”

¹⁸ sn Strengthen your brothers refers to Peter helping to strengthen their faith. Jesus quite graciously restores Peter “in advance,” even with the knowledge of his approaching denials.