1 sn The saying looks at persecution both from a Jewish context as the mention of synagogues suggests, and from a Gentile one as the reference to the rulers and the authorities suggests.
sn See the note on synagogues in 4:15.
2 tn Grk “and the,” but καί (kai) has not been translated since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.
3 tn Grk “about how or what you should say in your defense,” but this is redundant with the following clause, “or what you should say.”
4 tn Grk “in that very hour” (an idiom).
5 tn Grk “what it is necessary to say.”
